93 citations,
June 2001 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Certain genetic variations in the AR and ERβ genes can affect androgen levels in women.
77 citations,
April 2004 in “Gene expression patterns” The three estrogen receptor genes are highly expressed in zebrafish neuromasts during development.
67 citations,
January 2007 in “Climacteric” Estrogens and SERMs can help with skin aging, but their safety and effectiveness need more research.
23 citations,
September 2015 in “International Journal of Molecular Medicine” Activating ER-β, not ER-α, improves skin cell growth and wound healing.
19 citations,
March 1998 in “Endocrinology” Male rats have more somatostatin neurons than females due to testosterone converting to estrogen during early development.
13 citations,
December 2012 in “Frontiers in bioscience” Vitamin D and estrogen may help protect heart and kidney health, and maintaining sufficient vitamin D levels could be especially beneficial for African Americans, postmenopausal women, and people with chronic kidney disease.
11 citations,
May 2010 in “Journal of Medicinal Chemistry” A new compound was created in 2010 that can control oil production when applied to the skin, and its effects are completely reversible after two weeks.
9 citations,
January 2016 in “Skin Pharmacology and Physiology” The study concluded that both estrogen and androgen receptors, which decrease with age, are linked to skin aging and may be hormonally regulated.
4 citations,
March 2017 in “Development” Estrogen is important for keeping adult mouse nipple skin healthy by controlling certain cell signals.
3 citations,
December 2016 in “Journal of epidemiological research” Estrogen and androgenic hair increase melanoma risk, especially in European-ancestry individuals.
1 citations,
September 2016 in “Springer eBooks” Sebum production varies by individual and is influenced by age, gender, and hormones, affecting skin and hair health.
August 2024 in “Research Square (Research Square)” Using 5-alpha reductase inhibitors may lower the risk of breast cancer in females.
February 2024 in “Hormones” Future hormone therapy trials should match the diverse needs and priorities of the gender-diverse community.
August 2013 in “Fertility and Sterility” High levels of fatty acids are linked to increased androgen production and inflammation in women with PCOS, which may affect IVF outcomes.
December 2012 in “Journal of Dermatological Science” Estrogen increases a growth factor in hair cells which might affect hair loss.
August 2009 in “International Journal of Dermatology” A postmenopausal woman's facial redness, acne, and excess hair were caused by too much hormone therapy for insomnia, but improved after stopping the treatment.
39 citations,
August 2004 in “International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics” Finasteride and CPA-EE2 equally reduce hirsutism, but affect hormone levels differently.
2 citations,
December 1994 in “The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism/Journal of clinical endocrinology & metabolism” The treatment effectively reduced hair growth and was safe for patients with PCOS, but it needs better bleeding control.
2 citations,
November 2012 in “InTech eBooks” The document concludes that sex hormones are crucial for mammalian reproduction, health, and behavior, and require more research for therapeutic use.
July 2021 in “Archives of Dermatological Research” Alopecia patients have less GPER-1, which might affect hair loss.
185 citations,
February 2018 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Melatonin may benefit skin health and could be a promising treatment in dermatology.
29 citations,
March 2011 in “The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry” Eating isoflavone can help mice grow hair by increasing a growth factor.
26 citations,
February 2009 in “Drug Development Research” 17α-estradiol is a safe estrogen that might protect the brain and doesn't cause feminization, needing more research for treating brain diseases.
April 2018 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Androgens increase growth factors in skin cells, which may lead to acne.
20 citations,
January 2019 in “Journal of dermatological science” Male hormones indirectly affect skin cell development by increasing growth factor levels from skin fibroblasts.
32 citations,
February 2024 in “Growth Hormone & IGF Research” Dihydrotestosterone (DHT) stops hair growth in mice by lowering a growth factor important for hair.
22 citations,
April 2020 in “Scientific reports” Changthangi goats have specific genes that help produce Pashmina wool.
6 citations,
March 2018 in “Journal of Medicinal Food” Chicken egg yolk peptides can promote hair growth by increasing a specific growth factor.
77 citations,
July 2013 in “Best Practice & Research in Clinical Obstetrics & Gynaecology” Menopause reduces skin collagen and elasticity, and while estrogen therapy can help, its risks require careful consideration.
20 citations,
July 2006 in “Veterinary dermatology” Melatonin helped some Pomeranian dogs regrow hair, but it wasn't linked to estrogen receptors.