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Diagnosing PCOS in teenagers should focus on signs of excess male hormones and not rely solely on ovarian ultrasound or irregular periods, and should be reassessed in adulthood.

Prostate-specific antigen may be a new marker for excess male hormones in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Hirsutism is common body hair growth due to genetics and hormones, and while not a disease, it can be distressing; virilisation includes hirsutism with other male traits and needs medical attention.

Cyproterone acetate is the preferred treatment for women's hyperandrogenism when estrogen/progestogen use is safe.

Researchers found a gene in hamsters that responds to male hormones and may be indirectly controlled by them.

Cyproterone acetate treatment is safe and causes mild feminization, which increases with added estrogen.

Over half of the adult women with acne in the study had higher than normal levels of male hormones, especially DHEA.

Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia may be caused by changes in how the body processes male hormones.

The conclusion is that removing both ovaries is the best treatment for excess male hormones in postmenopausal women, with medication as another option, and managing insulin resistance is important for diagnosis and treatment.

Hair aging and loss are caused by genetics, hormones, environment, and grooming, with treatments like minoxidil effective for certain types of hair loss.

Copper deficiency may cause hair loss, and treating it could involve nutrition and hormones.

Women with a certain type of tumor had higher levels of pregnancy hormone and male hormones, which decreased after treatment.

Hair loss in Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is due to altered cell sensitivity to hormones, not increased hormone levels. Hair growth periods shorten over time, causing hair to become thinner and shorter. This is linked to miscommunication between cell pathways in hair follicles. There's also a change in gene expression related to blood vessels and cell growth in balding hair follicles. The exact molecular causes of AGA are still unclear.

Hair aging is caused by stress, hormones, inflammation, and DNA damage affecting hair growth and color.

Testosterone is important for men's sexual function, may help some women's sexual desire, while other hormones and neurotransmitters also play complex roles in sexual behavior.

The update highlights that non-classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia is common in women with excess male hormones, requires specific hormone tests for diagnosis, and has various treatment options depending on age and symptoms.

New treatments are needed for PCOS that target its genetic, hormonal, and metabolic causes.

Testosterone and dihydrotestosterone play a role in women's health issues like excess hair and baldness, and treatments blocking these hormones may help.

DHEA acts like a male hormone on rat skin glands and doesn't turn into female hormones there.

The medication combination did not affect glucose tolerance but increased some cholesterol levels due to its estrogen component.

Transgender and nonbinary individuals experience hair loss, with transmen on testosterone seeing more severe hair loss, while feminizing hormones may stabilize hair loss in transwomen.

Adult acne is more common in women, often linked to hormones, and can be harder to treat.

Hair ages and thins due to factors like inflammation and stress, and treatments like antioxidants and hormones might improve hair health.

Men, especially older ones with health issues like prostate cancer, may have worse COVID-19 outcomes and could benefit from therapies targeting male hormones.

Hidradenitis suppurativa is caused by genetic factors, inflammation, bacteria, hormones, and lifestyle factors like obesity and smoking.

Female pattern hair loss has unclear causes, possibly involving genetics, hormones, and environment, and needs better treatments.

The conclusion is that we need more effective hair loss treatments than the current ones, and these could include new drugs, gene and stem cell therapy, hormones, and scalp cooling, but they all need thorough safety testing.

Women with AGA have more androstenedione and dihydrotestosterone, less copper and zinc; copper imbalance affects AGA; treatment improves hormones and minerals.

Using two drugs together, Flutamide and 4-MA, is more effective for blocking male hormones than using each one alone.

Female pattern hair loss diagnosis is challenging and should use dermoscopy and histopathology instead of pattern recognition, as hormones may not always be the cause.