This paper introduces a framework attributing Post-SSRI, Post-Finasteride, Post-Retinoid, and an unnamed sexual dysfunction syndrome to downregulated estrogen receptor activity, potentially guiding future treatments in sexual medicine.
November 2022 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” This case study highlights the complexity of managing PCOS and its symptoms in transmen, suggesting hormonal fluctuations may lead to symptomatic relief with low dose estradiol.
February 2016 in “PubMed” This review discusses testosterone replacement therapy, highlighting that most studies report no increased myocardial infarction risk when the therapy is properly administered with controlled hormone levels; it calls for careful consideration despite insurance coverage challenges.
January 2014 in “Side effects of drugs annual” This review discusses the 2011 publications on the side effects of sex hormones and related compounds, without reporting new clinical results.
41 citations
,
November 2003 in “Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences” This article discusses the complexities of androgen and antiandrogen therapies in women, detailing diagnostic measures, the effects on libido, and the potential benefits of new progestins with antiandrogenic properties, but presents no new empirical findings.
October 2023 in “IJEM case reports” This case report describes the diagnosis and management of a 15-year-old girl with complete androgen insensitivity syndrome, highlighting the importance of thorough physical exams for early detection and treatment planning.
74 citations
,
February 2018 in “Stroke” This review discusses unique stroke risk factors in women, such as hormonal and reproductive influences, and highlights the need for further research to better predict and manage these risks.
67 citations
,
January 2007 in “Climacteric” This article discusses the impact of estrogens on skin aging, highlighting the potential benefits and unresolved effectiveness of alternatives like phytoestrogens and selective estrogen receptor modulators; it reports no new clinical results.
26 citations
,
August 2021 in “Medicine” This study found that low levels of SHBG and testosterone were associated with higher mortality in men with severe COVID-19.
19 citations
,
December 2012 in “BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine” This study demonstrates that young coconut juice appears to have estrogen-like properties that can accelerate wound healing in ovariectomized rats.
10 citations
,
February 2016 in “The Journal for Nurse Practitioners” This article discusses the basic care and issues primary care providers should consider when treating transgender patients, but it reports no new clinical results.
3 citations
,
July 2011 in “Expert Review of Dermatology” This article reviews the causes and treatments of hirsutism, emphasizing the importance of considering ethnic and cultural norms when interpreting grading systems, and reports no new original findings.
August 2026 in “European Journal of Endocrinology” This study found that individualized GAHT regimens, including microdosing, effectively improved gender congruence and quality of life for non-binary individuals, but some experienced a decrease in bone mineral density.
February 2026 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” Estrogen is not recommended for menopausal hair loss due to insufficient evidence.
December 2025 in “Pakistan Journal of Health Sciences” This systematic review found that estrogen deficiency in postmenopausal women leads to structural and symptomatic changes in genital and cutaneous tissues, with local estrogen therapy providing short-term benefits, while evidence for device-based treatments remains limited and requires larger trials.
This study found that irregular menstrual cycles and weight gain were common among women with PCOS, with 87% and 64% of patients experiencing these symptoms, respectively.
April 2023 in “Mayo Clinic Proceedings” Estrogen may help improve COVID-19 outcomes, especially in women.
November 2022 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” In this case study, a woman with high 25(OH)D levels and persistent symptoms showed decreased parathormone after transdermal estrogen therapy, highlighting the importance of assessing both parathormone and estrogen levels in similar patients.
April 2020 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” This case report emphasizes the importance of early diagnosis of Swyer Syndrome in adolescents with slow pubertal progression and primary amenorrhea due to the high risk of germ cell cancers.
August 2009 in “International Journal of Dermatology” This case report describes a postmenopausal woman who experienced facial erythema, acne, and hirsutism due to excess androgen and estrogen levels.
33 citations
,
December 2017 in “Journal of neuroendocrinology” This study describes molecular mechanisms explaining how sex and stress steroids rapidly modulate dendritic spine formation in hippocampal neurons, suggesting recovery-like effects under steroid-depleted conditions compared to intact conditions.
November 2017 in “Reactions Weekly” Testosterone undecanoate caused hair loss; finasteride improved it but caused stomach issues for one patient.
43 citations
,
July 1984 in “Clinical and Experimental Dermatology” This study found that women with common baldness treated with cyclical antiandrogen therapy for 52 weeks experienced increased hair density and a higher percentage of hairs in the anagen growth phase.
This study found that a complex extract of Polygonatum sibiricum and Nelumbinis semen improved menopause symptoms in an ovariectomized rat model by enhancing blood lipid metabolism and reducing osteoporosis, without increasing risks of side effects like endometriosis, unlike conventional hormone-replacement therapy.
May 2013 in “UTUPub (University of Turku)” This study suggests that adding androgens to menopausal hormone therapy may reduce breast cancer risk by counteracting estrogen-driven proliferation in postmenopausal breast tissue.
18 citations
,
March 2010 in “Gynecologic and obstetric investigation” This study found that both combined therapy with goserelin and oral contraceptives, and oral contraceptives alone, significantly reduced hair diameter in severe hirsutism without a significant difference between treatments.
April 2018 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” This study observed that in an ex vivo setting, 17β-estradiol increased CB1 expression in human hair follicles, suggesting possible sensitivity to endocannabinoids and a potential mechanism for hair therapy.
30 citations
,
April 2007 in “Dermatologic Clinics” This review discusses the mechanisms by which isotretinoin and hormonal therapy treat acne through their effects on sebaceous glands, reporting no new clinical results.
February 2026 in “Cureus” In this case report, a 25-year-old transgender woman on testosterone-blocking therapy developed generalised hypertrichosis after starting ciclosporin for severe plaque psoriasis, illustrating that ciclosporin can induce this side effect even under androgen suppression.
26 citations
,
December 1981 in “British journal of dermatology/British journal of dermatology, Supplement” This study observed that most hirsute patients on combined cyproterone acetate and 'Diane' therapy experienced a reduction in hair growth, with hair becoming softer, thinner, and lighter in color over 12 months.