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This study found that GTx-024 significantly increased total lean body mass and improved physical function in healthy elderly men and postmenopausal women, suggesting potential use for muscle wasting conditions.

In this study, GTx-027, a selective androgen receptor modulator, significantly inhibited tumor growth in certain breast cancer models and showed good tolerance in a Phase II trial with postmenopausal women.

This study found that GTx-024 and Danazol had similar effects to dihydrotestosterone on uterine tissue in mice, while GTx-007 showed minimal impact on the parameters tested.

Nandrolone and oxandrolone could help treat male health issues like muscle loss and low testosterone.

This study reports that TFM-4AS-1, a selective androgen receptor modulator, promoted bone and muscle growth with reduced effects on reproductive organs in ovariectomized rats.

This study synthesized nonsteroidal ligands as second-generation androgen receptor agonists and identified three compounds with significant anabolic activity and moderate to minimal androgenic activity in vivo.

This study found that while MK-0773 significantly increased lean body mass in sarcopenic frail elderly women, it did not significantly improve muscle strength or physical function compared to placebo.

This review critically evaluates the evidence for SARMs' tissue selectivity and suggests their clinical benefits over traditional androgens are not yet well-supported by robust evidence, underscoring the need for further head-to-head trials.

This study by Gao et al. reports that two nonsteroidal selective androgen receptor modulators, S1 and S4, demonstrated tissue-selective actions in rats, suppressing prostate growth while maintaining muscle growth without altering hormone levels.

This review discusses nonsteroidal selective androgen receptor modulators and their potential therapeutic applications but reports no new clinical findings.

Two new compounds can block androgen receptor activity in different ways and may lead to new treatments for androgen-related diseases.

This review discusses AR-modulating agents developed between 2012 and 2018, highlighting challenges with ligand-binding domain antagonists and proposing nonconventional approaches targeting other domains as promising strategies.

This study characterized the SARM PF-05314882, finding it demonstrates anabolic activity in rats with minimal effects on the prostate, seminal vesicles, and luteinizing hormone levels.

This review discusses the efficacy and safety of exemestane as a treatment for estrogen-receptor-positive breast cancer and reports no new clinical results.

This study identified novel selective androgen receptor modulators with enhanced in vivo pharmacological activity through structure-activity relationship analysis in castrated rats.

This review discusses various compounds targeting the androgen receptor, including recent developments in heterobifunctional degraders for prostate cancer treatment, but reports no new clinical results.

New treatments for male hypogonadism are effective and should be personalized.

This study found that AR/VDR-targeted agonist hormone therapy can inhibit cell viability in HR2-av triple-negative breast cancer cell lines through multiple mechanisms and may enhance the effects of chemotherapy.

This study found that the antiandrogen drug enzalutamide reduced TMPRSS2 levels and significantly decreased SARS-CoV-2 entry and infection in lung cells, supporting further clinical trials for COVID-19 treatment.

This review discusses the role of the androgen receptor in breast cancer diagnosis and treatment, and notes a lack of new research results on its therapeutic potential.

New treatments for prostate cancer are less toxic and show promise, but more research is needed to enhance their effectiveness and reduce side effects.

This study identified significant trends in interest around selective androgen receptor modulators, with increasing attention contrasting stagnant or declining interest in post-cycle therapies and anabolic steroids, and calls for clinicians to use social and prescription data to adjust treatment protocols accordingly.

This study provides a comprehensive analysis of anabolic-androgenic steroids, reporting that their use enhances muscle mass but is associated with significant health issues including cardiac muscle hypertrophy, liver disease, and changes in gender characteristics, emphasizing the need for patient awareness of these risks.

This review highlights that bicalutamide, a non-steroidal antiandrogen used in prostate cancer treatment, is mainly effective through its (R)-enantiomer and emphasizes the need to monitor its adverse effects despite its targeted antiandrogenic action.

This review examines the role of androgens and androgen receptors in regulating glucose and lipid metabolism, focusing on their effects on mitochondrial content and function; it also discusses the sex-dimorphic influence of androgens and provides theoretical insights into their mechanisms.

Androgens and SARMs play a role in body mass, frailty, skin health, and hair growth, and are used in treating prostate cancer, acne, and hair loss, with potential for new uses and improved versions in the future.

This chapter reviews selective androgen receptor modulators, discussing their therapeutic potential beyond current androgen applications, and reports no new clinical findings.