Recent Discoveries and Developments of Androgen Receptor-Based Therapy for Prostate Cancer

January 2015 in “ MedChemComm ”

R. Elancheran, V L Maruthanila, Meena Ramanathan, S. Kabilan, Rajlakshmi Devi, Ajaikumar B. Kunnumakara, Jibon Kotoky

androgen receptor AR antagonists Enzalutamide MDV3100 castration-resistant prostate cancer CRPC nonsteroidal antiandrogens Luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone LH-RH agonists LH-RH antagonists androgen deprivation therapy ADT AR splice variants AR-V7 selective androgen receptor modulators SARMs natural antiandrogens LH-RH

TLDR New treatments for prostate cancer are less toxic and show promise, but more research is needed to enhance their effectiveness and reduce side effects.

The document from 2015 reviews recent advancements in androgen receptor (AR)-based therapies for prostate cancer, including the development of new-generation AR antagonists like Enzalutamide (MDV3100) for advanced/metastatic prostate cancer, which is less toxic than chemotherapy. It discusses the emergence of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) and the need for novel AR antagonists to combat it. The review also covers the use of nonsteroidal antiandrogens, Luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LH-RH) agonists and antagonists, and the challenges of resistance to androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) through AR splice variants like AR-V7. Additionally, it mentions the potential of selective androgen receptor modulators (SARMs) and natural antiandrogens from plants as future treatments. Despite significant developments, the document concludes that further research is needed to improve the efficacy and reduce side effects of AR-based therapies for prostate cancer.

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