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The new method showed that endometriotic tissue has lower estrogen receptor levels but similar progesterone levels compared to normal endometrium, with both following a similar cycle.

Low SHBG and high FAI, FT, and DHEAS levels are effective in identifying PCOS.

Teens with PCOS and a mom with PCOS have higher insulin resistance and lower adiponectin levels, which could signal early metabolic problems.

A drug improved schizophrenia-like symptoms in stressed rats by changing brain steroid levels.

Birth control pills help treat skin and hair growth problems linked to high male hormone levels.

5α-Reductase inhibitors can help treat hair loss, acne, and prostate issues by reducing DHT levels.

The document concludes that diagnosing PCOS in teenagers is difficult and should focus on specific hormone levels and menstrual irregularities, while also considering treatment for symptoms and related health issues.

Young female Australian fur seals are losing hair due to low tyrosine and zinc levels and high pollution exposure.

Older obese women with PCOS have higher cardiovascular and metabolic risks despite lower androgen levels.

The study concluded that androstendione and DHEA are important for diagnosing high male hormone levels in women with excessive hair growth.

Cyproterone acetate with ethinyl estradiol is effective for treating skin symptoms related to high androgen levels, like in PCOS.

The mouse model suggests male pattern baldness may be due to an enzyme increasing DHT and higher androgen receptor levels in hair follicles.

Men with balding at age 45 had higher IGF-1 and lower IGFBP-3 levels, suggesting these factors might influence male pattern baldness.

Stress can worsen skin and hair conditions by affecting the skin's immune response and hormone levels.

Lifestyle changes can improve body composition, excess male hormone levels, and insulin resistance in women with PCOS.

Metformin and rosiglitazone improve blood vessel function in women with PCOS, with metformin also reducing insulin resistance and testosterone levels.

Melatonin and mitotane treatment led to hair re-growth in 62% of dogs with Alopecia X, but this was not always linked to normal hormone levels.

Finasteride and flutamide effectively reduce hirsutism in PCOS women, with flutamide also lowering hormone levels.

Low and ultralow doses of flutamide can cause liver damage in young women with high androgen levels, regardless of dose or birth control use, with higher risk for those with higher BMI and liver enzyme levels before treatment.

Testosterone therapy can improve sexual desire and function in postmenopausal women but should be used cautiously and not based solely on testosterone levels.

Hormone therapy with estradiol and spironolactone can regrow scalp hair in transgender women by lowering testosterone to female levels.

An mFG score of 7 or higher indicates hirsutism in Filipino women, often linked to higher free testosterone levels.

Vitamin D and estrogen may help protect heart and kidney health, and maintaining sufficient vitamin D levels could be especially beneficial for African Americans, postmenopausal women, and people with chronic kidney disease.

Depression severity is not linked to PCOS markers like BMI, insulin resistance, or testosterone levels.

Finasteride doesn't affect oral testosterone undecanoate, and high DHT levels may cause acne, prostate issues, and hair loss.

Ultrasound measurement of the ovarian stroma to total area ratio is not a reliable single predictor of high male hormone levels in Thai women with PCOS, but works better when combined with clinical signs.

Hair loss is linked to insulin resistance in women, regardless of hormone levels.

Dihydrotestosterone (DHT) is crucial for conditions like male-pattern baldness and acne, and measuring a byproduct, androstanediol glucuronide, is a better way to assess DHT's effects than DHT blood levels.

The chapter explains the causes of excessive hair growth and masculinization in women and how to measure hormone levels related to these conditions.

Hormonal therapy is effective for treating acne in adult women, especially with signs of high androgen levels.