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This chapter discusses genetic polymorphisms related to phenotypes that differentiate between populations and reports no new results; it highlights the role of DNA technology in understanding human adaptation history.

This review describes how recent discoveries in genetic defects and alternative pathways in androgen biosynthesis are reshaping our understanding of male sexual differentiation, but it presents no new clinical findings.

This study used cashmere goats to map the differentiation of dermal papilla stem cells and identified key intermediate cell states involved in hair follicle regeneration.

This source reviews current understanding of fibroblast lineage differentiation and its role in wound healing, highlighting the potential to reprogram adult cells for scar-free repair by emulating fetal-like regenerative states.

In this study, embryonic skin fibroblasts from day E17.5 and postnatal day P5, but not E14.5, effectively supported hair follicle formation, indicating distinct developmental states and differentiation capacities.

This study found that melanoma cells develop resistance to therapies through dedifferentiation but become vulnerable to ferroptotic cell death, suggesting a potential therapeutic approach to target resistant forms of melanoma.

This study used cashmere goats to reveal distinct intermediate states of dermal papilla cells, each with specific roles in hair growth, shedding, and regeneration.

This review summarizes recent insights into corneal limbal stem cell differentiation and the potential role of progenitor-like cells, but reports no new experimental results.

This review highlights that current in vitro models often fail to replicate the physiological oxygen levels experienced by different skin cell types, which could affect redox states and functions, potentially accelerating skin aging.

This review discusses recent evidence on the Notch signaling pathway's role in regulating hair follicle development and stem cell differentiation, but provides no new research findings.

In this study, the authors review how epigenetic regulation influences the role of iPSC-derived neural stem/progenitor cells in spinal cord injury therapy, highlighting challenges in the cells' generation, differentiation, and transplantation, and the effect of therapeutic tools on these processes.

This study found that Epstein-Barr virus infection upregulated a truncated variant of human basic hair keratin 1 (hHb1-ΔN) in gastric carcinoma cell lines, suggesting a possible link to carcinoma differentiation.

This study provides detailed taxonomic and pharmacognostic analyses to authenticate and standardize seven herbal medicines, aiding in their differentiation from common adulterants for improved identification and classification.

This review examines the role of retinoic acid synthesis in hair follicles and sebaceous glands, focusing on its localization and function during normal and disease states, but reports no new results.

In this study, researchers found that serum levels of integrin, CLEC10A, and interleukin-42 significantly differed between PCOS patients treated with infertility drugs and untreated PCOS patients when compared to healthy controls, suggesting these biomarkers could help differentiate treatment status in PCOS.

This study reports that keratinocytes grown under low oxygen conditions (physioxia) demonstrated reduced reactive oxygen species production and increased antioxidant enzyme activity compared to those in higher oxygen conditions, highlighting the role of oxygen in regulating skin antioxidant defenses.

This study found that androgen signaling has complex effects on bone formation in male AR3.6-transgenic mice, with varying impacts based on the embryonic lineage of cells.

This study investigated dermal fibroblasts in mouse skin using single-cell RNA sequencing and identified signaling pathways that influence adipogenesis, finding that IL-1-NF-κB promotes, while WNT-β-catenin inhibits, the adipogenic potential of these cells, with implications for wound healing and scar formation.

This study found that wounding in skin induces significant fibroblast heterogeneity and recruits myeloid cells, which contribute to adipocyte regeneration in mice.

This study reports that sebaceous glands can regenerate after injury through stem cell plasticity, with hair-follicle-derived stem cells replacing sebaceous gland progenitors and playing a crucial role in the regeneration process, which is dependent on FGFR2 signaling and aided by hair growth induction.

This study found that the distribution of desmogleins is associated with specific types of keratinization and hair anchorage, as well as hypotrichosis.

This article discusses arsenic trioxide as a treatment for refractory or relapsed acute promyelocytic leukemia, noting its effectiveness and manageable side effects.

This review highlights how single-cell transcriptomics has advanced understanding of tissue regeneration by revealing cellular diversity and key molecular interactions in animal models, despite methodological challenges, suggesting future applications in developing targeted regenerative therapies.

This review highlights the roles of key transcription factors and signaling pathways in regulating olfactory epithelium regeneration, discussing recent advances in single-cell and spatial transcriptomics as well as organoid models to enhance understanding of olfactory regeneration mechanisms.

This review discusses the role of androgens in women's skin-related conditions like acne, hirsutism, and female pattern hair loss, noting the lack of dermatology guidelines for when to pursue endocrinologic evaluation.

Hair follicles have unique proteins that vary by species and are influenced by nutrition.

This study found that ATM protein plays a crucial role in protecting human hair follicle melanocytes from oxidative stress, which is linked to the greying of hair.

The document concludes that stem cells and their environments are crucial for skin and hair health and have potential for medical treatments.

This study observed that retinoic acid biosynthesis and signaling in hair follicles have a spatial and temporal regulation linked to distinct stages of the hair cycle in mice.

This study found that dermal papilla and dermal sheath cells from human scalp tissue differ from interstitial dermal fibroblasts in morphology and produce varying levels of TGF-beta 2.