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The chapter explains the causes of excessive hair growth and masculinization in women and how to measure hormone levels related to these conditions.

Certain gene variations and different levels of BDNF and CRH hormones are linked to vitiligo.

High uric acid levels are more common in PCOS patients, especially those with androgenic PCOS, and are linked with increased cardiovascular risk and other metabolic issues.

Gender differences affect allergy prevalence, severity, and response to environmental toxins, with women often more affected than men.

Autologous Platelet and Extracellular Vesicle-Rich Plasma (PVRP) has potential in enhancing tissue regeneration and improving hair conditions, but its effectiveness varies due to individual differences.

Finasteride reduces alcohol withdrawal severity in male mice but increases it in female mice.

Women's ovarian hormones and adrenal androgens change throughout life, affecting hair loss and health.

Women with PCOS have higher oxidative stress and hormone imbalances, suggesting managing oxidative stress could help.

Finasteride reduces hair loss and treats BPH without major hormone changes, but may cause sexual dysfunction.

Parathyroid hormones are important for hair growth, but their use in treating hair loss from chemotherapy is still uncertain.

Nonobese, normotensive Indian women with PCOS may have a higher risk of heart problems linked to inflammation and insulin resistance.

Higher BMI links to worse hair loss in Taiwanese men.

After menopause, some women lose scalp hair and gain facial hair, with patterns suggesting different underlying causes.

Sardinians were historically short due to a mix of genetics and factors like disease and poor nutrition, but recent height increases suggest better living conditions had a bigger impact.

Male hormones, or androgens, affect women's health in areas like mood and bone density, and hormone replacement therapy using antiandrogenic progestogens can improve mood disorders and alertness in menopausal women.

Ancient hair can preserve hormones, revealing health and fertility insights.

Most women with PCOS have high levels of male hormones, and free testosterone is the best marker for this.

Hormones and neuroendocrine factors control hair growth and color, and more research could lead to new hair treatment options.

Androgenetic alopecia involves genetics, hormones, and can be treated with medications or surgery.

Hormones, especially androgens, play a key role in acne, which can be a symptom of systemic diseases like PCOS and may require targeted treatment.

Diet changes can help reduce acne by limiting certain hormones.

High levels of male hormones are very common in women with PCOS and affect their metabolism differently depending on their weight.

Most skin changes during pregnancy are harmless and moles don't significantly change, but many women experience pigmentation changes due to hormones and sun exposure.

Male pattern hair loss is genetic and influenced by hormones, with treatments like minoxidil and surgery available.

The report concludes that PCOS is mainly a condition of excess male hormones and its definition may change as new information is discovered.

Male pattern baldness involves genetics, hormones, and needs better treatments.

Menopause often leads to lower sexual desire and discomfort during sex, but treatment should be personalized and only if it bothers the woman.

Hair aging is caused by stress, hormones, inflammation, and DNA damage affecting hair growth and color.

Testosterone is important for men's sexual function, may help some women's sexual desire, while other hormones and neurotransmitters also play complex roles in sexual behavior.

The update highlights that non-classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia is common in women with excess male hormones, requires specific hormone tests for diagnosis, and has various treatment options depending on age and symptoms.