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TGF-β is crucial for controlling stem cell behavior and changes in its signaling can lead to diseases like cancer.

Too much Smad7 changes skin and hair development by breaking down a protein called β-catenin, leading to more oil glands and fewer hair follicles.

Skin aging is due to impaired stem cell mobilization or fewer responsive stem cells.

Adam10 enzyme is crucial for healthy skin and proper Notch signaling.

Different types of stem cells exist within individual skin layers, and they can adapt to damage, transplantation, or tumor growth. These cells are regulated by their environment and genetic factors. Tumor growth is driven by expanding, genetically altered cells, not long-lived mutant stem cells. There's evidence of cancer stem cells in skin tumors. Other cells, bacteria, and genetic factors help maintain balance and contribute to disease progression. A method for growing mini organs from single cells has been developed.

The document concludes that while significant progress has been made in understanding skin biology and stem cells, more research is needed to fully understand their interactions with their environment.

The AUTS2 gene is linked to neurological disorders and may affect human brain development and cognition.

PDGFA/AKT signaling is important for the growth and maintenance of certain skin fat cells.

A WNT10A gene mutation leads to ectodermal dysplasia by disrupting cell growth and differentiation.

The skin protects the body and is constantly renewed by stem cells; disruptions can lead to cancer.

The TGF-β family helps control how cells change and move, affecting skin, hair, and organ development.

The conclusion is that hair growth can be improved by activating hair cycles, changing the surrounding environment, healing wounds to create new hair follicles, and using stem cell technology.

Mice lacking a key DNA methylation enzyme in skin cells have a lower chance of activating stem cells necessary for hair growth, leading to progressive hair loss.

Wnt signaling is crucial for skin and hair development and its disruption can cause skin tumors.

The FOXN1 gene is crucial for developing immune cells and preventing immune disorders.

Macrophages are vital for skin healing, hair growth, salt balance, and cancer defense.

Smad-4 and Smad-7 are key in hair follicle development, with other Smads being less important.

WNT10A helps esophageal cancer cells spread and keep renewing themselves.

Tcf3 helps cells move and heal wounds by controlling lipocalin 2.

BLIMP1 is essential for skin maintenance but not for defining sebaceous gland progenitors.

The protein StAR is found in 17 different organs and can affect hair loss and brain functions, but its full role is not yet fully understood.

Male genital development is driven by androgen signaling and understanding it could help address congenital anomalies.

Scientists found cells in hair that are key for growth and color.

Disrupting Smad4 in mouse skin causes early hair follicle stem cell activity that leads to their eventual depletion.

Understanding how melanocyte stem cells work could lead to new treatments for hair graying and skin pigmentation disorders.

Aging in hair follicle stem cells leads to hair graying, thinning, and loss.

The skin's basement membrane has specialized structures and molecules for different tissue interactions, important for hair growth and attachment.

The study found that a specific area of the hair follicle helps start hair growth by reducing the blocking effects on certain cells and controlling growth signals.

Loss of keratin K2 causes skin problems and inflammation.

Signaling pathways are crucial for hair growth in goats.