45 citations
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March 2020 in “International Journal of Nanomedicine” This study found that nanoemulsion-based formulations, such as nanoemulgel and NFs, might serve as promising topical delivery systems for treating inflammatory diseases, potentially offering an alternative to traditional nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, which are associated with adverse effects.
19 citations
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July 2020 in “Journal of drug delivery science and technology” This study found that nano-sized minoxidil formulations significantly increased skin penetration and follicular drug delivery for alopecia areata treatment, compared to conventional ethanol-based solutions, and demonstrated effective controlled release over six hours.
4 citations
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March 2016 in “DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)” This study found that a self-emulsifying formulation with eugenol in emu oil improved hair conditioning and growth in rats, showing rapid hair increase after an initial delay compared to minoxidil.
2 citations
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July 2021 in “Actas dermo-sifiliográficas/Actas dermo-sifiliográficas” This review discusses hair shaft disorders, noting the lack of specific treatments and recommending general care practices to prevent hair damage, with some improvement possible during puberty or with treatments like minoxidil.
2 citations
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September 2020 in “International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics” This study found that hair tonics containing clove ethanol extract increased hair growth in rabbits, with a dose-dependent effect observed at varying concentrations of the extract.
June 2026 in “International Journal of Drug Delivery Technology” In this study using fertilized chicken eggs, researchers reported that ethanol and aqueous extracts of clove, cinnamon, and coriander significantly reduced blood vessel formation, indicating these herbs' potential as safe anti-angiogenic treatments without severe side effects compared to synthetic drugs.
May 2026 in “Global Translational Medicine” This study found that ethanol extract of Syzygium aromaticum (clove) leaves significantly improved lipid profiles and increased body weight in testosterone-induced benign prostatic hyperplasia rats, suggesting potential anti-hyperlipidemic effects and modulation of body weight through metabolic activity.
March 2026 in “Journal of Pharmacy & Pharmacognosy Research” This study found that Syzygium aromaticum and Rosmarinus officinalis oils, used alone or together, were effective in promoting hair regrowth in rats, with the combined oils performing better than 2% minoxidil by accelerating regrowth initiation, completion, and enhancing hair quality measures.
December 2025 in “Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)” This review assesses the potential of ginger, garlic, onion, and clove as complementary herbal treatments for hair and scalp health, reporting that onion juice shows the strongest clinical evidence for hair regrowth, particularly in alopecia areata, while garlic exhibits promising preclinical regenerative effects.
December 2025 in “Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)” This review evaluates herbal botanicals like onion, garlic, ginger, and clove for hair and scalp health, noting that onion juice shows the strongest clinical evidence for hair regrowth particularly in alopecia areata, although these cannot replace traditional medical treatments.
December 2025 in “INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACY” This study found that clove oil nanoemulsion hair serum effectively promoted hair growth, suggesting it may be a potential treatment for alopecia areata.
June 2025 in “Journal of the Faculty of Medicine Baghdad” This study found that Syzygium aromaticum oil may improve the anagen/telogen ratio in testosterone-induced alopecia in mice, indicating potential as an alternative treatment to minoxidil for androgenic alopecia.
January 2022 in “Pharmaceutical Sciences Asia” This study found that a liposome containing butterfly pea flower extract and clove oil was stable and, when used by 15 volunteers over 60 days, enhanced eyebrow thickness and darkness without causing irritation.
January 2022 in “Advanced Pharmaceutical Bulletin” This study found that clove oil and LPGSE pretreatment increased finasteride skin permeability, while extending urea pretreatment reduced its penetration.
19 citations
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January 2011 in “Obstetrics and gynecology international” The researchers reported that red clover extract supplementation in postmenopausal women improved subjective assessments of scalp hair, skin, libido, mood, sleep, and tiredness compared to placebo.
February 2026 in “Journal of the Korean Society of Cosmetology” This study found that applying a red clover-chamomile complex extract ampoule for 4 weeks significantly improved hair density and shaft thickness at the hairline in participants with self-perceived decreased density.
In an experimental study on mice, researchers found that transferosome formulations containing either red clover extract or caffeine significantly increased hair growth after three weeks, with effects comparable to minoxidil, but their combination did not enhance efficacy.
June 2020 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” This study reported that a treatment serum containing ingredient blends with panthenol, licorice extract, and red clover extract significantly improved hair volume, scalp coverage, and reduced hair breakage over 6 months in individuals with thinning or damaged hair.
May 2021 in “Indian journal of forensic medicine and toxicology” This study found that excessive consumption of cloves in mice caused toxic changes in the liver, including structural damage and cell death, but concluded these effects are not considered dangerous.
11 citations
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January 1997 in “Journal of Dermatological Science” This study identified a human sequence likely coding for a new ultra-high sulphur protein, which may aid in understanding hair differentiation and the molecular basis of human trichothiodystrophy.
2 citations
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April 2013 in “PubMed” This review discusses non-motor symptoms in autoimmune myasthenia gravis and associated thymomas, highlighting abnormal T-cell clones as a contributing factor, but reports no new clinical results.
July 2024 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” This study found that in mice with alopecia areata, CD8+ T cells showed clonal expansion and specific regulatory networks, which might help identify new therapeutic targets for patients not responding to JAK inhibitors.
36 citations
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January 2016 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” This article reviews the connection between PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway mutations and heritable skin diseases characterized by tissue overgrowth, but it reports no new clinical results.
10 citations
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May 2018 in “Nutrition and Cancer” This article reviews current research on spice-derived nutraceuticals for treating melanoma and skin cancer, noting emerging evidence that these natural substances may offer preventative and protective benefits against cancer, amidst increased global interest.
10 citations
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February 1993 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” This study found that clove, olive, and turpentine oils completely prevented hair penetration by the fungi Microsporum gypseum and Trichophyton vanbreuseghemii.
June 2026 in “Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)” In this study, researchers developed and tested an herbal antidandruff shampoo using plant extracts like neem, fenugreek seed, aloe vera, and clove, demonstrating antibacterial and antifungal activity against common scalp microbes and offering a potential natural alternative for dandruff treatment.
June 2026 in “Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)” In this study, researchers formulated an herbal antidandruff shampoo using plant extracts like neem, fenugreek seed, aloe vera, and clove, demonstrating its antifungal activity against Malassezia furfur and potential as a natural alternative for addressing dandruff.
April 2026 in “Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)” This study investigated a herbal hair lotion using natural ingredients like rosemary and fenugreek extracts, finding that the F3 formulation had optimal spreadability, absorbency, washability, and stability, without causing skin irritation.
April 2026 in “Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)” This study reported the successful formulation and evaluation of a herbal hair lotion using natural ingredients; among tested versions, formulation F3 demonstrated superior spreadability, absorbency, and stability without causing skin irritation.
August 2025 in “Deleted Journal” This article provides an overview of herbal oils or extracts, particularly focusing on the benefits of Arwa oil, which combines various natural oils to nourish hair follicles and treat scalp inflammation, potentially addressing hair problems like hair loss and split ends.