The human scalp has different types of pigment cells in hair follicles with varying abilities to produce pigment.
130 citations,
January 1994 in “Differentiation” Mouse hair follicle cells briefly grow during the early hair growth phase, showing that these cells are important for starting the hair cycle.
7 citations,
February 2010 in “British Journal of Dermatology” A woman with a rare autoimmune disorder had a blister on her eye and unique immune reaction, which was effectively treated with medication.
42 citations,
May 2013 in “Oral Diseases” Kennedy's disease leads to muscle weakness without a cure, but exercise and managing symptoms may help patients live a normal lifespan.
36 citations,
November 2014 in “Neuromuscular Disorders” A patient with a larger than usual genetic mutation had a broader range of symptoms for a muscle disease.
17 citations,
April 2018 in “Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology” Effective treatments for spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy are not yet available; more research is needed.
48 citations,
October 2014 in “Neurobiology of Disease” The study suggests that motor neurons created from stem cells of patients with spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy show signs of the disease, including changes in protein levels and cell functions.
24 citations,
January 2012 in “Indian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology” Diffuse alopecia areata involves more inflammation and higher allergy-related antibodies than patchy types.
48 citations,
June 2008 in “Drug Discovery Today: Disease Mechanisms” Hair follicles offer promising targets for delivering drugs to treat hair and skin conditions.
46 citations,
May 1986 in “Seminars in Reproductive Medicine” Testosterone and dihydrotestosterone affect hair growth, and new techniques like the folliculogram help study it, but fully understanding hair growth is still complex.
14 citations,
October 2020 in “Scientific reports” Hair greying is linked to reduced ATM protein in hair cells, which protects against stress and damage.
2 citations,
March 2019 in “Journal of Dermatology” Trichoscopy helped diagnose and treat a woman with two different types of hair loss.
May 2015 in “Endocrinología y nutrición” The conclusion is that adult males with muscle weakness and hormonal imbalances should be tested for Kennedy's disease.
10 citations,
August 2014 in “Experimental Dermatology” Decorin, a protein, may help start hair growth and could be used to treat hair loss.
9 citations,
August 2014 in “The Journal of Dermatology” Scalp areas that look normal in people with hair loss may still show signs of disease under a microscope.
6 citations,
November 2006 in “Journal of Cutaneous Pathology” Two teenage brothers had a rare, treatment-resistant form of female-pattern hair loss with unusual scalp changes.
Chrysanthemum zawadskii extract may help treat hair loss by promoting hair growth and affecting growth factors.
March 2024 in “Tissue and cell/Tissue & cell” Telomerase-positive cells are mainly in the bulb matrix and outer root sheath of hair follicles.
1010 citations,
August 2000 in “Cell” Hair follicle stem cells can form both hair follicles and skin.
November 2024 in “Steroids” The androgen receptor's shape-changing ability helps it function but can lead to cancer treatment resistance.
86 citations,
August 2000 in “Pigment cell research” Melanocyte activity in hair follicles is linked to the hair growth cycle, being active in growth phases and inactive in rest phases.
4 citations,
April 2019 in “Micron” Fetal hair follicles have melanocytes with melanosomes at different stages, which are broken down into pigment particles in keratinocytes.
3 citations,
January 2022 in “Pharmaceutics” Nanostructured delivery systems could potentially improve hair loss treatment by targeting drugs to hair follicles, reducing side effects and dosage, but the best size, charge, and materials for these systems need further investigation.
34 citations,
December 1991 in “Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences” The conclusion is that small hair follicles cause baldness in macaques, and treatments like antiandrogens and minoxidil can prevent hair loss and promote regrowth.
28 citations,
April 2010 in “British Journal of Dermatology” Genetic marker rs12558842 strongly linked to male hair loss.
2 citations,
November 2019 in “Cancer reports” The Wnt signaling pathway is not a major factor in the development of keratoacanthoma, a type of skin tumor.
186 citations,
July 1998 in “Journal of Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery” Shorter CAG repeats may cause hair and skin issues, while longer ones may link to acne.
82 citations,
September 2008 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” EDA2R gene linked to hair loss.
57 citations,
June 2011 in “The American Journal of Dermatopathology” Chemotherapy can cause permanent, non-reversible hair loss similar to pattern baldness.
54 citations,
November 2001 in “Urology” The length of the CAG repeat in the androgen receptor gene affects the risk and progression of prostate cancer, BPH, infertility, and undermasculinized genitalia.