This review discusses the mechanisms, scientific support, and FDA clearance of photobiomodulation mask devices but reports no new research findings.
January 1987 in “Toxicological sciences” In this study, SMR-2 and SMR-6, retinoid analogs, were found to be approximately 100 times more toxic than retinoic acid in male mice, primarily affecting skin, immune, and reproductive systems.
January 2021 in “Deep Blue (University of Michigan)” This study found that LepRb neurons in the brain are important targets for androgen action and influence sex-specific differences in reproductive and metabolic regulation, implicating them in conditions such as polycystic ovary syndrome.
15 citations
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May 1987 in “Fundamental and applied toxicology” This study found that SMR-2 and SMR-6, analogs of retinoic acid and retinol, were approximately 100 times more toxic than retinoic acid in mice, inducing hypervitaminosis A and affecting various organs and tissues.
18 citations
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January 2013 in “Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine” In this study, ALR was found to enhance both the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of mouse bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, potentially through specific signaling pathways.
March 1993 in “Neuroscience letters” This summary outlines the essential roles and recommended daily intakes of biotin, while discussing consequences and mechanisms of deficiency, but presents no new research findings.
437 citations
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August 2014 in “Cell metabolism” This perspective suggests that browning agents may not directly enhance UCP1 expression in white adipose tissue but instead induce browning through increased heat loss, prompting thermogenesis to compensate.
September 2025 in “International Journal of Innovative Technologies in Social Science” This article reviews the versatile applications of red and infrared light therapy, reporting that these treatments can enhance skin health by modulating cellular processes such as RNA and protein synthesis, oxygen consumption, and reducing oxidative stress and inflammation.
211 citations
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May 2013 in “Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging” This study found that while MK-0773 significantly increased lean body mass in sarcopenic frail elderly women, it did not significantly improve muscle strength or physical function compared to placebo.
38 citations
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August 2012 in “Biochemical and biophysical research communications” This study found that leukocytes and beard hair follicle cells have an endogenous circadian clock, with PER1 and PER3 expression possibly serving as biomarkers for assessing individual biological clock traits.
16 citations
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April 2025 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” In this study, an expert panel established a consensus guideline indicating that photobiomodulation is a safe and effective treatment for various conditions, including peripheral neuropathy and androgenic alopecia.
2 citations
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November 2024 in “Clinical Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology” This Mendelian randomization study suggests a causal link between higher BMI and increased risk of psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, and hidradenitis suppurativa, potentially due to elevated biomarkers such as triglycerides and C-reactive protein.
August 2025 in “Systematic Reviews” This review identified significant effects of photobiomodulation therapy on pain reduction in burning mouth syndrome, disability in knee osteoarthritis, and fatigue in fibromyalgia, but noted that most outcomes had low-to-moderate certainty of evidence, indicating a need for further high-quality trials.
11 citations
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May 2012 in “Genesis” This study in mutant mice found that Bmpr2 and Acvr2a are individually redundant, but together essential for normal hair follicle development, with their reduction causing rapid hair cycling and graying.
June 2023 in “Journal of Burn Care & Research” This study found that combining bone marrow aspirate concentrate with platelet-rich plasma significantly improved wound healing in mice compared to other treatments.
1 citations
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May 2017 in “Journal of Clinical Oncology” This study found that applying BPM 31543 twice daily was safe, well-tolerated, and showed signs of reducing chemotherapy-induced alopecia in women receiving taxane-based chemotherapy.
29 citations
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April 2020 in “Biomolecules” This review discusses the potential biomedical and clinical applications of brassinosteroids, highlighting their observed antiviral, anticancerous, and other bioactivities in animal test systems, but reports no new findings.
July 2026 in “Journal of Comparative Physiology B” This study demonstrated the usefulness of fully implantable loggers in measuring heart rate and sub-blubber temperature in captive harbour seals, with findings suggesting lower heart rates during molting and differences in temperature regulation between adults and sub-adults.
520 citations
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January 2017 in “AIMS biophysics” This review discusses the effects of photobiomodulation, particularly its potential to reduce inflammation in various conditions, but it does not report new clinical findings.
1 citations
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June 2025 in “Environmental Research” In this study, researchers reported that adult females approaching menopause in Canada generally had similar or lower blood concentrations of toxic, essential, and trace elements compared to their peers, but most participants showed zinc levels below the proposed adequacy threshold.
This review summarizes the composition, bioactive functions, and potential industrial applications of rice bran polysaccharides, focusing on how extraction methods and modifications impact their biological activities.
November 2025 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Alpha-MSH affects mitochondrial function, and MC1R mutations may increase skin aging.
June 2017 in “Jurnal Biomedik : JBM” This study found that oral broiler meat extract increased body weight, visceral fat mass, and the number of hair follicles in young male Wistar rats.
4 citations
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July 2021 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)” This study suggests that BLMP-1 is important for timely molting and oscillatory gene expression in C. elegans, indicating a potentially conserved mechanism for rhythmic skin regeneration.
2 citations
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June 2023 in “Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences” Bhamrung-Lohit may help with inflammation and oxidation.
November 2022 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” This report discusses the challenges of interpreting bone mineral density in transgender individuals undergoing hormone therapy and highlights the lack of guidelines for assessing fracture risk or BMD results in this population.
18 citations
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March 2015 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” In this study, silencing BMAL1 and PER1 genes increased melanogenic activity in follicular and epidermal melanocytes, suggesting that peripheral circadian clocks may regulate melanin pigmentation.
57 citations
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February 1994 in “Experimental dermatology” This study found that murine skin is a target for melatonin bioregulation, as melatonin affected DNA synthesis and tyrosinase activity in skin organ culture.
92 citations
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September 2013 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” This study found that peripheral clock genes, particularly BMAL1 and Period1, modulate human hair follicle cycling, suggesting their potential as therapeutic targets for affecting hair growth.
1 citations
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March 1999 in “British journal of rheumatology” Adequate steroid treatment needed to limit bone loss in PMR patients.