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Some women with PCOS have CYP21 mutations and IRS1 variants, but these genetic factors are not major contributors to PCOS.

Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius) extract helps hair grow and could be used in hair products.

Herbs can potentially treat hair loss by inhibiting a key enzyme and promoting hair growth, and deficiencies in zinc, biotin, and iron are linked to hair loss.

The document suggests medicine should integrate biological and cultural factors and focus on holistic, equitable care.

Dieckol from Ecklonia cava may help hair growth and could be a potential hair loss treatment.

Minoxidil-loaded liposomes effectively deliver to hair follicles, potentially improving hair growth and treating alopecia.

Low testosterone and 5α-reductase inhibitors can harm men's metabolic and sexual health; testosterone therapy may help, but discussing 5α-RIs' side effects is important.

PI3K/Akt pathway is crucial for hair growth and regeneration.

The conclusion is that future hair loss treatments should target the root causes of hair thinning, not just promote hair growth.

Injecting alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone in mice improved skin healing and reduced scarring.

Minoxidil may protect nerves and improve hair quality during paclitaxel treatment.

Sp6 promotes tooth development by reducing follistatin levels.

Researchers created a mouse model for Cushing's syndrome to study glucocorticoid excess and potential treatments.

Choosing hair follicles at the same growth stage leads to more consistent hair growth experiments.

Finasteride cream reduces hair growth in women with hirsutism, but more research needed.

AIRE-deficient rats developed severe autoimmune disease similar to APECED, useful for testing treatments.

Certain Chinese herbs, especially Cacumen platycladi, can promote hair regrowth and reduce hair loss-related hormone levels in mice.

The document concludes that veterinary dermatologists need more experience and a better approach to treating skin diseases in nonhuman primates.

Retinoids increase steroid sulfatase activity in leukemia cells through RARα/RXR and involves certain pathways like phosphoinositide 3-kinase and ERK-MAP kinase.

Minoxidil effectively treats hair loss, works better for women, and requires consistent use.

Finasteride improves hair growth and reduces hirsutism in women, but side effects and optimal dosages need further research.

Sex hormones affect hair and feather growth and may help manage alopecia and hormone-dependent cancers.

Lack or blocking of SRD5a, a key component in hormone creation, can lead to conditions like pseudohermaphrodism and affect hair growth, bone mass, muscle strength, and reproductive health. More research is needed on its regulation from fertilization to adulthood.

Whale genes show changes that help them live in water, like less hair and better flippers.

The document concludes that there are still unknowns about the effectiveness, risks, and detection of performance-enhancing drugs, and doping remains a challenge.

Arabidopsis collet hairs are good for studying nuclear movement and DNA content increase during growth.

Some anticonvulsant drugs can cause skin reactions, ranging from mild to severe, and managing these reactions is important for patient care.

Animal models are crucial for learning about hair loss and finding treatments.

New markers and pathways have been found in skin tumors, helping better understand and diagnose them.

The document concludes that more research is needed to fully understand the causes of PCOS.