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Metformin helps with menstrual cycles and insulin levels in PCOS but is less effective for hair growth, diabetes prevention, and weight loss, and may improve fertility and reduce diabetes risk.

Polysaccharides have many health benefits and are used in drugs, but isolating and purifying them is complex and requires careful methods.

Melatonin in the skin helps protect against damage from stress and UV rays, and could be used to treat certain skin conditions.

TGF-β is crucial for tissue repair and can cause diseases if not properly regulated.

Melatonin is important for skin health and protection, and can be made by the skin or applied to it.

The guidelines suggest a detailed approach to diagnosing and treating lupus, with a focus on regular check-ups, personalized medicine, and a range of drug options for different cases.

Hair follicles help absorb and store topical compounds, aiding targeted drug delivery.

Pregnancy can cause various skin changes and diseases, with PUPPP being the most common skin condition specific to pregnancy.

Iron deficiency may be related to hair loss, but there's not enough evidence to recommend iron screening or supplements for all hair loss patients.

Men are more likely to have severe COVID-19 cases and fatalities than women due to factors like lifestyle, aging, and biological differences.

Melatonin may benefit skin health and could be a promising treatment in dermatology.

Jumonji genes are important for development and their mutations can cause abnormalities, especially in the heart and brain.

Chemotherapy-induced hair loss significantly affects patients' well-being, and nurses are key in helping them cope, but more research is needed to find effective treatments.

Nanoparticles improve drug delivery through the skin but more research is needed on their long-term effects and skin penetration challenges.

Male hormones affect COVID-19 severity and certain drugs targeting these hormones could help reduce the risk.

The document recommends using both clinical evaluation and various measurement methods to assess skin greasiness, considering factors like temperature and hormones.

Exosomes could potentially enhance tissue repair and regeneration with lower rejection risk and easier production than live cell therapies.

Antibiotics can reduce acne but may lead to resistant bacteria, and understanding the skin's bacteria is important for treatment.

Human dermal fibroblasts are the main cells targeted by a virus that can cause a deadly skin cancer, and a certain inhibitor can effectively block this infection.

Nanoparticles can improve skin drug delivery but have challenges like toxicity and stability that need more research.

Targeting androgen receptors could be a promising way to treat skin disorders with fewer side effects.

Understanding how cells die in the skin is important for treating skin diseases and preventing hair loss.

UV radiation can help sterilize wounds and promote healing but requires careful use to avoid damaging cells.

Fullerenes show potential in skin care but need more safety research.

The document concludes that certain genetic mutations and dietary factors are involved in acne development, and treatments like isotretinoin and diet changes can help manage it.

Hair ages due to genetics and environmental factors, leading to graying and thinning, with treatments available for some conditions.

All-trans retinoic acid causes hair loss by increasing TGF-β2 in hair follicle cells.

A new mutation in the human glucocorticoid receptor reduces its function and causes resistance to glucocorticoids.

Minoxidil and finasteride effectively treat hair loss.

Gynecologists should provide comprehensive care for transgender patients, including mental health evaluation, hormone therapy, and surgical options, while monitoring for side effects and ensuring patient safety.