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The Rotterdam Study aims to understand disease causes in the elderly and has found new risk factors and genetic influences on various conditions.

Zinc oxide nanoparticles in sunscreen do not penetrate deep into the skin.

PCOS is a complex disorder in women that can lead to various health risks and requires personalized treatment.

Stem cell offspring help control their parent stem cells, affecting tissue health, healing, and cancer.

Teriflunomide helps reduce multiple sclerosis symptoms and is safe for most patients.

The guidelines advise against using testosterone and DHEA in women for most conditions due to safety and effectiveness concerns, but suggest considering testosterone for postmenopausal women with low sexual desire.

Wnt1/βcatenin signaling is crucial for heart repair after injury.

Hair loss and aging are caused by the breakdown of a key protein in hair stem cells.

Tofacitinib is effective and safe for severe hair loss, but full regrowth is less likely after 10 years of hair loss.

JAK inhibitors are effective in treating various immune-related diseases, not just rheumatoid arthritis.

Tofacitinib is safe and effective for severe alopecia areata, but hair loss may return 2 months after stopping treatment.

Using the eye pressure medication latanoprost can cause excessive hair growth and darker eyelashes on the treated eye.

Sorafenib is effective in treating Desmoid Tumor/Deep Fibromatosis.

About 7% to 15% of Iranian women have polycystic ovary syndrome, depending on the criteria used to diagnose it.

Diagnosing PCOS in teenagers is challenging and should use strict criteria to avoid misdiagnosis and unnecessary worry.

Ruxolitinib effectively regrows hair in most patients with severe hair loss.

Sebocytes play a key role in controlling androgen levels in human skin.

High levels of male hormones, insulin resistance, and obesity are closely linked and worsen polycystic ovary syndrome, but more research is needed to improve treatments.

The ZIP7 gene helps control zinc levels in cells by moving zinc from the Golgi apparatus to the cytoplasm.

Alopecia areata is likely an autoimmune disease with unclear triggers, involving various immune cells and molecules, and currently has no cure.

Women with PCOS are more likely to have impaired glucose tolerance and type 2 diabetes, especially if they are Asian or obese.

Some treatments can help with a hair loss condition called alopecia areata, but none ensure lasting results; choices depend on the person, with JAK inhibitors showing promise for severe cases.

Minoxidil effectively lowers blood pressure with few side effects.

Alopecia areata involves immune activation in the scalp, suggesting treatments targeting TH1, TH2, and IL-23 pathways.

Wnt signaling controls whether hair follicle stem cells stay inactive or regenerate hair.

Chemotherapy can cause skin problems like hair loss, mouth sores, and skin darkening, and recognizing these can affect treatment decisions.

CDP is crucial for lung and hair follicle cell development.

Telocytes might help with skin repair and regeneration.

Blood vessels and specific genes help turn cartilage into bone when bones heal.

Some skin medications are safe during pregnancy and breastfeeding, but others can harm the baby and should be avoided.