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Overexpression of activin A in mice skin causes skin thickening, fibrosis, and improved wound healing.

Sebocytes play a key role in controlling androgen levels in human skin.

The hedgehog signaling pathway is crucial for hair growth but not for the initial creation of hair follicles.

Alopecia areata is likely an autoimmune disease with unclear triggers, involving various immune cells and molecules, and currently has no cure.

Androgens may cause hair loss by increasing TGF-beta1 from scalp cells, which inhibits hair cell growth.

Estrogens can improve skin aging but carry risks; more research is needed on safer treatments.

Alopecia areata involves immune activation in the scalp, suggesting treatments targeting TH1, TH2, and IL-23 pathways.

Bone Morphogenetic Proteins (BMPs) help control skin health, hair growth, and color, and could potentially be used to treat skin and hair disorders.

Different types of skin cells have unique genetic markers that affect how likely they are to spread cancer.

Epidermal stem cells are diverse and vary in activity, playing key roles in skin maintenance and repair.

Latanoprost can make eyelashes longer, thicker, and darker.

Early development of hair, teeth, and glands involves specific signaling pathways and cellular interactions.

Tight junctions are key for skin protection and controlling what gets absorbed or passes through the skin.

Lichen planus is a skin condition that can resolve on its own, is linked to hepatitis C, and increases the risk of skin cancer.

Male pattern baldness involves genetics, hormones, and needs better treatments.

Minoxidil treats hair loss, promotes growth, has side effects, and has recent patents.

Male and female skin differ due to hormones, affecting conditions like hair loss, acne, and skin cancer, and suggesting a need for gender-specific treatments.

Estrogen therapy can reduce skin aging but has cancer risks.

The document concludes that more research is needed to better understand and treat primary cicatricial alopecias, and suggests a possible reclassification based on molecular pathways.

The Sonic hedgehog pathway is crucial for new hair growth during mouse skin healing.

Skin aging is due to impaired stem cell mobilization or fewer responsive stem cells.

Some viruses can cause cancer by changing cell processes and avoiding the immune system; vaccines and targeted treatments help reduce these cancers.

Keratose, derived from human hair, is a non-toxic biomaterial good for tissue regeneration and integrates well with body tissues.

Vitamin D is important for skin health and may affect conditions like psoriasis and hair loss, but more research is needed to understand its role fully.

Androgenetic alopecia in women needs more research and better management strategies.

Stem cell therapy, particularly using certain types of cells, shows promise for treating hair loss by stimulating hair growth and development, but more extensive trials are needed to confirm these findings.

Low oxygen conditions increase the hair-growing effects of substances from fat-derived stem cells by boosting growth factor release.

Macrophages help heal nerves by aiding the maturation of Schwann cells and are important for nerve repair.

Prolactin contributes to hair loss by promoting hair follicle shrinkage and cell death.

The skin's internal clock affects healing, cancer risk, aging, immunity, and hair growth, and disruptions can harm skin health.