72 citations,
October 1998 in “Baillière's clinical endocrinology and metabolism” Long-term testosterone therapy can cause hormone suppression, affect prostate and heart health, and alter physical characteristics, but does not increase prostate cancer risk and needs more research for full risk assessment.
16 citations,
January 1987 in “Dermatology” The spironolactone cream did not reduce hair growth in women with hirsutism.
October 2022 in “Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology” Bioengineered nanoparticles can effectively treat hair loss by targeting specific enzymes and receptors.
64 citations,
August 2019 in “Circulation” ADT, especially enzalutamide, may increase the risk of heart rhythm problems and sudden death in men.
11 citations,
July 2001 in “APMIS. Acta pathologica, microbiologica et immunologica Scandinavica./APMIS” Estrogens are key for bone growth spurts in both boys and girls and affect growth into adulthood.
3 citations,
January 2018 in “Reproduction, Fertility and Development” Birth control pills increase certain receptor activities in female gerbil prostate glands and can lead to prostate changes.
70 citations,
January 2009 in “The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism/Journal of clinical endocrinology & metabolism” Androgens slow hair growth by altering Wnt signaling in balding cells.
10 citations,
November 1997 in “British Journal of Dermatology” RU58841 significantly increases hair growth rate and initiates more hair cycles, but doesn't affect hair thickness, suggesting it could be a new treatment for baldness.
7 citations,
August 2023 in “EClinicalMedicine” Anti-androgens can help manage some PCOS symptoms better than metformin but are not more effective than placebos or birth control pills for other symptoms.
6 citations,
August 1996 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” MK-386 and finasteride together effectively reduce DHT levels, potentially treating acne and male pattern baldness.
5 citations,
August 2012 in “Journal of Dermatology” Tamoxifen may cause female hair loss by increasing androgen receptor expression.
4 citations,
September 2020 in “PeerJ” Platelet factor 4 slows down hair growth and could make hair loss treatments more effective if removed.
January 2010 in “Yearbook of Endocrinology” Two new compounds can block androgen receptor activity in different ways and may lead to new treatments for androgen-related diseases.
97 citations,
November 1986 in “Journal of Steroid Biochemistry” Antiandrogens affect androgen-dependent body functions and are used for various medical conditions, with some risks like fetus feminization, but new forms like 17α-propylmesterolone show promise for acne without systemic effects.
60 citations,
February 2013 in “Cell reports” The balance between androgen receptor and p53 is crucial for sebaceous gland differentiation.
16 citations,
January 2003 in “Nuclear Receptor Signaling” Androgens and SARMs play a role in body mass, frailty, skin health, and hair growth, and are used in treating prostate cancer, acne, and hair loss, with potential for new uses and improved versions in the future.
173 citations,
May 2001 in “Human reproduction update” Oestrogens are key for bone growth during puberty in both boys and girls.
105 citations,
January 2009 in “Medicine” Hirsutism is more linked to high androgen levels than acne or hair loss, and a mix of hormonal tests is best for diagnosis; certain treatments can reduce symptoms.
30 citations,
November 2013 in “PLOS ONE” Androgen receptor signaling causes early aging of cells important for hair growth by damaging their DNA.
May 2022 in “Pharmacognosy journal” Moringa seed oil may help prevent hair loss and promote hair growth.
40 citations,
January 1994 in “Skin Pharmacology and Physiology” Male hormones affect oil-producing skin cells differently based on their body location, and the drug spironolactone can reduce these effects.
658 citations,
June 2003 in “Endocrine reviews” Male hormones may play a role in the development of heart disease, and more research is needed to understand their effects.
89 citations,
August 2013 in “PloS one” Androgen receptors are active in many tissues of both male and female mice, not just reproductive organs.
1 citations,
March 2022 in “Daehanhanuihakoeji” Artemisia sieversiana extract may help prevent hair loss and promote hair growth.
May 2006 in “Women's Health Medicine” Excessive hair growth in women, often from high androgen levels, is usually caused by PCOS, and can be treated with hair removal, medication, and possibly weight loss.
183 citations,
March 1982 in “JAMA” Spironolactone is a safe and effective treatment for reducing excessive hair growth in women.
25 citations,
July 1994 in “Journal of dermatological science” Testosterone affects hair follicles differently across body sites, with beard hair follicles showing more activity of a specific enzyme and presence of androgen receptors compared to scalp hair.
24 citations,
April 2014 in “Oncotarget” Minoxidil can reduce functions related to androgen receptors.
14 citations,
January 1980 in “Journal of steroid biochemistry/Journal of Steroid Biochemistry” Both treatments reduced androgen levels and hair growth in women with hirsutism.
8 citations,
February 2022 in “Molecules” Asparagus racemosus root extract reduced sebum and pore size in men but not in women.