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New targets for making and using brain-synthesized steroids could lead to better treatments for brain disorders and alcoholism.

Hair follicles produce and respond to melatonin, affecting hair growth and sensitivity to estrogen.

The document describes how to tell different types of non-scarring hair loss apart by looking at hair and scalp tissue under a microscope.

No single treatment is consistently effective for alopecia areata, and more research is needed.

Cytokeratin 19 and cytokeratin 15 are key markers for monitoring the quality and self-renewing potential of engineered skin.

Estrogens help reduce skin aging, and SERMs might offer similar benefits without the risks of hormone therapy.

Vitamin D has potential benefits for cancer prevention, heart health, diabetes, obesity, muscle function, skin health, and immune function, but clinical results are mixed and more research is needed.

Modern lifestyles, including poor diet, stress, and long-term use of certain medications, hinder the body's ability to heal from inflammation, leading to chronic diseases.

Potassium channel openers are effective in treating heart conditions, high blood pressure, pulmonary diseases, bladder issues, and hair loss, but more selective drugs are needed.

The update highlights that non-classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia is common in women with excess male hormones, requires specific hormone tests for diagnosis, and has various treatment options depending on age and symptoms.

Adult female acne treatment should be personalized, considering individual preferences and pregnancy, using various topical and oral medications while managing side effects and resistance.

Flutamide rarely causes liver toxicity in prostate cancer patients.

Children with atopic dermatitis often have sleep problems, affecting their growth and behavior.

The research found that Atypical Progeroid Syndrome has unique symptoms and is not caused by the buildup of a certain mutant protein.

Thyroid hormones help hair grow, reduce hair loss, and increase hair pigment.

TSH is usually the only test needed to check thyroid function in primary care.

Women with PCOS are more than twice as likely to develop nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

New topical antifungals and delivery systems are improving treatment for fungal skin infections, but patient education and prevention are key.

Lignans and neolignans from plants may help protect against various health issues, including cancer and heart disease.

Blocking the Wnt pathway could lead to new treatments for cancer and tissue repair but requires careful development to avoid side effects.

More men are getting benign prostatic hyperplasia, and there are many treatments, from medication to surgery, with new methods being developed.

Minoxidil is the only FDA-approved topical drug for treating male or female pattern hair loss, and other medications like finasteride and dutasteride can also increase hair growth.

Melatonin helps regulate hair growth and protects the hair follicle from stress.

Preoperative pain assessment, regional anesthesia, and vitamin C can help prevent CRPS after surgery.

Stress increases a factor in mice that leads to hair loss, and blocking this factor may prevent it.

Foals with Rhodococcus equi infection often have other health problems that lower their chances of survival.

PLD is an effective and safer alternative for treating breast cancer.

PDGFA/AKT signaling is important for the growth and maintenance of certain skin fat cells.

Survivors of Stevens-Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis need ongoing care for various long-term health problems.

Formyl-peptide receptor agonists could be new anti-inflammatory drugs.