This study observed two distinct groups of alopecia areata lesions based on PD-1 expression in T cells from biopsied skin samples, suggesting potential differences in subtypes or stages of the disease that warrant further investigation.
September 2025 in “Acta Biomaterialia” In this study, researchers developed injectable micropore-forming hydrogels that enhance tissue adhesion strength and promote wound healing by allowing better cell infiltration and inducing hair follicle regeneration in skin incision wound models.
April 2023 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” This study found that in biopsied skin samples of alopecia areata, a lower anagen/telogen ratio was associated with increased T cell infiltration, and enhancing the PD-1/PD-L1 axis may inhibit CD8+T cell infiltration and improve the condition.
January 2025 in “SSRN Electronic Journal” March 2024 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” This study observed that dandruff-affected scalp skin has increased T-cell infiltration in the epidermis and a reduction in the hair follicle's physiological immune privilege, particularly in the suprabulbar outer root sheath area, indicating a distinct immune microenvironment compared to healthy scalp.
