Expression of Programmed Cell Death 1 Inversely Correlated With the Density of CD8+ T Cells Infiltrating Hair Follicles in Alopecia Areata

April 2023 in “ Journal of Investigative Dermatology ”

Arisa Senda, T. Nomura, S. Yonekura, T. Kogame, S. Nakamizo, K. Kabashima

programmed cell death 1 PD-1 CD8+ T cells hair follicles alopecia areata autoimmune disease CD3+ T cells anagen/telogen ratio PD-1/PD-L1 axis

TLDR Higher PD-1 levels are linked to fewer immune cells in hair follicles in alopecia areata.

The study examined the relationship between the expression of programmed cell death 1 (PD-1), an inhibitory receptor that suppresses T cell activation, and the infiltration of CD8+T cells in hair follicles (HF) in alopecia areata (AA), an autoimmune disease. The research involved 45 biopsied skin samples from individuals with AA, with the expression of PD-1, CD3, and CD8 evaluated in 19 samples. The results showed that as the number of inflamed HF and the density of infiltrating CD3+T cells increased, the anagen/telogen ratio decreased. Furthermore, the expression of PD-1 was found to be inversely correlated with the density of infiltrating CD8+T cells, suggesting that the PD-1/PD-L1 axis negatively controls the infiltration of CD8+T cells in HF. This implies that enhancing the PD-1/PD-L1 axis could potentially improve AA by inhibiting the infiltration of CD8+T cells to HF.

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