Identification of an Osteopontin-Derived Peptide That Binds Neuropilin-1 and Activates Vascular Cells

The study identifies neuropilin-1 (NRP-1) as the receptor for the osteopontin-derived peptide FOL-026, which mimics the effects of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). FOL-026 binds to the NRP-1 b1-subdomain, stimulating endothelial cell growth, migration, tube formation, and angiogenesis, while inhibiting apoptosis. These effects were confirmed through various in vitro and in vivo assays, including RNA sequencing that showed activation of tissue repair pathways. The findings suggest that FOL-026 has therapeutic potential for conditions requiring vascular repair and enhanced angiogenesis, such as diabetes-related vascular complications, peripheral artery disease, and ischemic myocardium salvage.