Modern Management Approaches for Alopecia Areata

January 2025 in “ Вопросы современной педиатрии ”

Eduard Т. Ambarchian, Vladislav V. Ivanchikov, Anastasia D. Kuzminova, Olga B. Gordeeva, Leyla S. Namazova-Baranova

alopecia areata autoimmune disease hair loss Janus kinase inhibitors personalized therapy

TLDR Janus kinase inhibitors effectively treat alopecia areata but may cause relapses and have long-term safety concerns.

Alopecia areata is a chronic autoimmune disease causing hair loss, and Janus kinase inhibitors have been identified as a key treatment option. These inhibitors allow for personalized therapy, improving efficacy and patient quality of life, especially in severe cases. However, concerns remain regarding disease relapses after stopping the inhibitors and the safety of long-term use.

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Research cited in this study

37 / 37 results

Disease Burden, Clinical Management, and Unmet Treatment Need of Patients With Moderate to Severe Alopecia Areata: Consensus Statements, Insights, and Practices From CERTAAE Delphi Panel

research Disease Burden, Clinical Management, and Unmet Treatment Need of Patients With Moderate to Severe Alopecia Areata: Consensus Statements, Insights, and Practices From CERTAAE Delphi Panel

April 2024 in “Frontiers in medicine”

Alopecia Areata significantly lowers quality of life and current treatments are inadequate, highlighting a need for better therapies and standardized treatment protocols.

research Inhibition of T-Cell Activity in Alopecia Areata: Recent Developments and New Directions

4 citations , November 2023 in “Frontiers in immunology”

New treatments targeting T-cell pathways are needed for better alopecia areata management.

research Adverse Events in Patients Treated With Jak-Inhibitors for Alopecia Areata: A Systematic Review

2 citations , April 2023 in “JEADV. Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology/Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology”

JAK-inhibitors for alopecia areata are generally safe with mostly mild side effects and a low rate of treatment withdrawal.

research Efficacy and Safety of Baricitinib in Patients with Severe Alopecia Areata Over 52 Weeks in Phase III Trials

20 citations , March 2023 in “American Journal of Clinical Dermatology”

Baricitinib improved severe hair loss in adults over 52 weeks and was safe to use.

Ideal JAK Inhibitor for Alopecia Areata: Baricitinib, Tofacitinib, Ritlecitinib, or Ifidancitinib - Revisiting the Immunomechanisms of the JAK Pathway

research Ideal JAK Inhibitor for Alopecia Areata: Baricitinib, Tofacitinib, Ritlecitinib, or Ifidancitinib - Revisiting the Immunomechanisms of the JAK Pathway

January 2023 in “Indian Dermatology Online Journal”

No single ideal JAK inhibitor for alopecia areata has been determined; JAK3 inhibitors may be promising with fewer side effects.

research The National Pediatric Alopecia Areata Registry in Russia: An Overview

September 2022 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology”

The registry showed that tofacitinib is promising for treating hair loss in children with alopecia areata, but more research is needed.

research A Case of Atopic Dermatitis with Alopecia Universalis in a Patient Treated with Abrocitinib

11 citations , February 2022 in “JAAD case reports”

Abrocitinib, a JAK inhibitor, may help treat atopic dermatitis and alopecia universalis together.

research Evaluating the Therapeutic Potential of Ritlecitinib for the Treatment of Alopecia Areata

49 citations , February 2022 in “Drug Design Development and Therapy”

Ritlecitinib shows promise for hair regrowth in alopecia areata patients.

research The JAK/STAT Signaling Pathway: From Bench to Clinic

489 citations , November 2021 in “Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy”

The JAK/STAT pathway is important in cell processes and disease, and JAK inhibitors are promising for treating related conditions.

research Alopecia Areata: An Update on Etiopathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Management

290 citations , August 2021 in “Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology”

JAK inhibitors show promise for treating alopecia areata, but more research is needed.

research Alopecia Areata: An Autoimmune Disease of Multiple Players

31 citations , July 2021 in “ImmunoTargets and therapy”

Alopecia areata is an incurable autoimmune condition causing hair loss, with research aiming for better treatments.

research A Comprehensive Literature Review of JAK Inhibitors in the Treatment of Alopecia Areata

40 citations , June 2021 in “Clinical, cosmetic and investigational dermatology”

JAK inhibitors show promise in effectively treating hair loss from alopecia areata.

research Hair Follicle Immune Privilege and Its Collapse in Alopecia Areata

134 citations , July 2020 in “Experimental dermatology”

Hair follicles are normally protected from the immune system, but when this protection fails, it can cause hair loss in alopecia areata.

research Italian Guidelines in Diagnosis and Treatment of Alopecia Areata

37 citations , December 2019 in “Giornale italiano di dermatologia e venereologia”

The Italian guidelines offer advice for diagnosing and treating alopecia areata based on expert opinion and limited clinical trial evidence.

research Targeting the Janus Kinase Family in Autoimmune Skin Diseases

124 citations , October 2019 in “Frontiers in Immunology”

Janus kinase inhibitors are promising treatments for autoimmune skin diseases like eczema and psoriasis.

research Frontiers in Alopecia Areata Pathobiology Research

55 citations , October 2019 in “The journal of allergy and clinical immunology/Journal of allergy and clinical immunology/The journal of allergy and clinical immunology”

The review suggests that other immune cells besides CD8+ T cells may contribute to alopecia areata and that targeting regulatory cell defects could improve treatment.

research What Is Behind the 'Swarm of Bees' in Alopecia Areata

7 citations , November 2018 in “British Journal of Dermatology”

Alopecia areata is caused by immune system issues, and JAK inhibitors might help treat it.

research JAK Inhibitors for Treatment of Alopecia Areata

63 citations , July 2018 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology”

JAK inhibitors can effectively reverse hair loss in people with alopecia areata.

An Open-Label Pilot Study to Evaluate the Efficacy of Tofacitinib in Moderate to Severe Patch-Type Alopecia Areata, Totalis, and Universalis

research An Open-Label Pilot Study to Evaluate the Efficacy of Tofacitinib in Moderate to Severe Patch-Type Alopecia Areata, Totalis, and Universalis

130 citations , February 2018 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

Tofacitinib may help treat severe hair loss, but more research is needed.

research Nail Changes in Alopecia Areata: An Update and Review

45 citations , January 2018 in “International Journal of Dermatology”

Nail problems are common in people with alopecia areata, often leading to cosmetic and functional issues, but more research is needed for treatment guidelines.

research Tofacitinib for the Treatment of Severe Alopecia Areata in Adults and Adolescents

28 citations , December 2017 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology Symposium Proceedings”

Tofacitinib shows promise for treating severe hair loss in adults and teens, with many experiencing regrowth, but hair loss returns when treatment stops.

research Brazilian Experience of Treating Alopecia Universalis with Novel Antirheumatic Therapy Tofacitinib: A Case Series

16 citations , July 2017 in “Rheumatology and Therapy”

Tofacitinib, a medication for arthritis, showed potential for treating severe hair loss in a small Brazilian case series, but more research is needed.

research Topical Janus Kinase Inhibitors for the Treatment of Pediatric Alopecia Areata

83 citations , June 2017 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology”

Topical JAK inhibitors may help children with alopecia areata regrow hair.

research High-Dose Pulsed Corticosteroid Therapy Combined with Methotrexate for Severe Alopecia Areata in Childhood

15 citations , May 2017 in “JEADV. Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology/Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology”

High-dose corticosteroids and methotrexate had a modest effect on severe childhood alopecia, but side effects and relapse were concerns.

research JAK Inhibitors in Dermatology: The Promise of a New Drug Class

355 citations , January 2017 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology”

JAK inhibitors show promise for treating skin conditions like eczema, hair loss, and psoriasis.

research Hair Pull Test: Evidence-Based Update and Revision of Guidelines

36 citations , December 2016 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology”

The normal range for the hair pull test is 2 hairs or fewer, and washing or brushing hair before the test does not affect the results.

research Safety and Efficacy of the JAK Inhibitor Tofacitinib Citrate in Patients with Alopecia Areata

222 citations , September 2016 in “JCI insight”

Tofacitinib is safe and effective for severe alopecia areata, but hair loss may return 2 months after stopping treatment.

research Efficacy and Safety of Methotrexate Combined with Low- to Moderate-Dose Corticosteroids for Severe Alopecia Areata

28 citations , January 2016 in “Dermatology”

Methotrexate with corticosteroids can effectively treat severe alopecia areata but often requires long-term maintenance.

research The Role of Lymphocytes in the Development and Treatment of Alopecia Areata

60 citations , September 2015 in “Expert Review of Clinical Immunology”

Lymphocytes, especially CD8+ T cells, play a key role in causing alopecia areata, and targeting them may lead to new treatments.

research Alopecia Areata Is Driven by Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes and Is Reversed by JAK Inhibition

701 citations , August 2014 in “Nature medicine”

Alopecia areata can be reversed by JAK inhibitors, promoting hair regrowth.

research Killing Two Birds with One Stone: Oral Tofacitinib Reverses Alopecia Universalis in a Patient with Plaque Psoriasis

185 citations , June 2014 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

A man with severe hair loss and skin disease regrew his hair with no side effects after taking tofacitinib.

research Overview of Alopecia Areata

110 citations , December 2013 in “The journal of investigative dermatology. Symposium proceedings/The Journal of investigative dermatology symposium proceedings”

Alopecia areata is a genetic and immune-related hair loss condition that is often associated with other autoimmune diseases and does not typically cause permanent damage to hair follicles.

research Recent Advances in the Pathogenesis of Autoimmune Hair Loss Disease Alopecia Areata

106 citations , January 2013 in “Clinical and Developmental Immunology”

Alopecia areata is caused by immune system attacks on hair follicles, often triggered by viral infections.

research Interest of High-Dose Pulse Corticosteroid Therapy Combined with Methotrexate for Severe Alopecia Areata: A Retrospective Case Series

39 citations , January 2012 in “Dermatology”

Combining high-dose corticosteroids with methotrexate may be effective and safe for severe alopecia areata.

research Genome-Wide Association Study in Alopecia Areata Implicates Both Innate and Adaptive Immunity

717 citations , June 2010 in “Nature”

Alopecia areata involves both innate and adaptive immunity, with specific genes linked to the disease.

research The Pattern and Profile of Alopecia Areata in Singapore: A Study of 219 Asians

275 citations , November 2002 in “International Journal of Dermatology”

Alopecia areata mainly affects young people and has significant psychological impacts, especially in males.

research Profile of Alopecia Areata: A Questionnaire Analysis of Patients and Families

161 citations , March 1992 in “International Journal of Dermatology”

Alopecia areata often starts before age 20, is more common in women, and may have a genetic link with other autoimmune diseases.

Related Research

4 / 4 results

research Alopecia Areata: A Multifactorial Autoimmune Condition

148 citations , December 2018 in “Journal of autoimmunity”

Alopecia areata is an autoimmune disease causing patchy hair loss, often with other autoimmune disorders, but its exact causes are unknown.

research Linear Alopecia Areata

4 citations , November 2018 in “JAAD case reports”

Alopecia areata can sometimes appear as a straight line of hair loss instead of round patches.

research Treating Resistant Cases of Alopecia Universalis

May 2018 in “Journal of cosmetology & trichology”

Combining platelet-rich plasma therapy with prostaglandin-F eye drops can significantly regrow hair in alopecia universalis.

research Overview of Alopecia Areata

110 citations , December 2013 in “The journal of investigative dermatology. Symposium proceedings/The Journal of investigative dermatology symposium proceedings”

Alopecia areata is a genetic and immune-related hair loss condition that is often associated with other autoimmune diseases and does not typically cause permanent damage to hair follicles.