Exosomes in Dermatological Research: Unveiling Their Multifaceted Role in Cellular Communication, Healing, and Disease Modulation

Exosomes are small extracellular vesicles that play a significant role in cellular communication, healing, and disease modulation in dermatology. They facilitate the transfer of proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids, influencing recipient cell behavior and function. Exosomes show promise in treating dermatological conditions such as hair disorders, skin cancers, and photoaging by enhancing regeneration and reducing oxidative stress. Notably, exosomes derived from platelet-rich plasma can stimulate hair growth in androgenetic alopecia by promoting dermal papilla cell proliferation and survival. Despite their potential, challenges remain in standardizing isolation methods and understanding mechanisms of action. Future research should focus on improving exosome specificity, production, and quality control to facilitate clinical applications.