Enzymatic and non-enzymatic sulfation mechanisms in the biological actions of minoxidil
January 1993
in “Biochemical Pharmacology”
TLDR Minoxidil needs activation to work, and minoxidil sulfate helps with hair growth and blood pressure.
This 30-year-old document discusses the mechanisms behind the biological actions of minoxidil, a drug originally developed for hypertension but later found to stimulate hair growth. The study found that metabolic activation of minoxidil is required for its biological activity, and the identification of minoxidil sulfate as a naturally occurring metabolite confirmed this hypothesis. The study also discusses the cellular mechanism of action of minoxidil sulfate as a vasodilator antihypertensive agent. The paper highlights two major areas of interest for minoxidil research: the characterization of minoxidil sulfotransferase, an enzyme responsible for the bioactivation of minoxidil, and the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in the actions of minoxidil sulfate.
View this study on sciencedirect.com →
Cited in this study
research Minoxidil Sulfotransferase, a Marker of Human Keratinocyte Differentiation
Minoxidil sulfotransferase is a marker of keratinocyte differentiation and may play a role in hair growth.
research Localization of Minoxidil Sulfotransferase in Rat Liver and the Outer Root Sheath of Anagen Pelage and Vibrissa Follicles
Minoxidil works in liver and outer hair root sheath for hair growth.
research Minoxidil Sulfate Is the Active Metabolite that Stimulates Hair Follicles
Minoxidil sulfate stimulates hair growth.
research Purification and characterization of rat liver minoxidil sulphotransferase
Enzyme purified and characterized for minoxidil sulphation in rat liver.
research Sulfation of minoxidil by human liver phenol sulfotransferase
Minoxidil activates hair growth by being sulfated by P-PST in the human liver.
research Electrophysiological mechanisms of minoxidil sulfate-induced vasodilation of rabbit portal vein.
The study explains how minoxidil sulfate causes vasodilation in rabbits by opening potassium channels and inhibiting calcium channels.
research Minoxidil Stimulates Mouse Vibrissae Follicles in Organ Culture
Minoxidil can help grow hair in mice by making cells grow and improving hair quality. More research needed.
research Sulfation of minoxidil by human platelet sulfotransferase
Human platelets change minoxidil to minoxidil sulfate, helping blood vessels widen.
research Sulfation of minoxidil by liver sulfotransferase
Liver enzyme helps minoxidil work better for blood vessel relaxation.
research Metabolism of Minoxidil, a New Hypotensive Agent 11: Biotransformation following Oral Administration to Rats, Dogs, and Monkeys
Minoxidil metabolizes similarly in monkeys and humans, but differently in dogs and rats.
research Pharmacokinetic studies of minoxidil
Minoxidil quickly leaves blood, turns into urine metabolites, and has lasting blood pressure-lowering effects.
Related
research Enzymatic and non-enzymatic sulfation mechanisms in the biological actions of minoxidil
Minoxidil needs activation to work, and minoxidil sulfate helps with hair growth and blood pressure.
research Sulfation of minoxidil by liver sulfotransferase
Liver enzyme helps minoxidil work better for blood vessel relaxation.