Modulating Immune Responses in Alopecia: Therapeutic Insights and Potential Targets of Antisense Oligonucleotides

April 2025 in “ BMC Immunology ”

Shahnaz Begum, Md. Jamil Hossain, Insun Kim, Hyun Su Min, Yu Na Lim, Hyun‐Jeong Cho, Jin‐Hyeob Ryu

alopecia areata androgenic alopecia antisense oligonucleotides TAMI-M SIRT1 proinflammatory cytokines Ruxolitinib JAK inhibitor AA AGA ASOs

TLDR Targeting SIRT1 with antisense oligonucleotides could be a promising treatment for hair loss.

The study examines the role of immune dysregulation and microRNA modulation in alopecia areata (AA) and androgenic alopecia (AGA), focusing on the therapeutic potential of antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) like TAMI-M. It identifies SIRT1 as a key modulator of immune responses, where its activation suppresses inflammation. TAMI-M, tested in C3H/HeJ mice, effectively reduced hair loss and inflammation by downregulating proinflammatory cytokines and enhancing SIRT1 expression. The ASO's effects were comparable to Ruxolitinib, a JAK inhibitor, in human hair follicle cells. These findings suggest that targeting SIRT1 and inflammatory pathways with ASOs could offer promising treatments for hair loss disorders, though further research is needed to ensure long-term safety and efficacy.

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