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Acne is caused by multiple factors including oil production, bacteria, inflammation, and possibly diet and environment.

Mutations in the Vitamin D receptor gene can cause hair loss similar to mutations in the Hairless gene.

As skin cells mature, vitamin D receptor levels decrease while retinoid X receptor α levels increase.

The vitamin D receptor can act without its usual activating molecule, affecting hair growth and skin cancer, but its full range of actions is not well understood.

Vitamin D receptor binds similarly to natural and synthetic ligands, affecting gene regulation.

Environmental factors and chemicals might affect hormone balance and contribute to common hair loss.

The skin acts like an endocrine organ, producing hormones that affect various body functions and skin health, and understanding this can lead to new treatments.

OCT4 helps granulosa cell growth in early-stage follicles, and FSH increases OCT4 through specific pathways.

Key proteins and pathways regulate wool fiber diameter in Alpine Merino sheep.

The document concludes that recent research has improved understanding of skin diseases and the balance between cell growth and differentiation in the epidermis.

Aleglitazar and its major metabolite are safe enough to proceed to Phase 3 clinical trials.

Finasteride negatively affects fish reproduction and gonadal development.

Melatonin receptors, found in many body parts, can help treat various diseases like depression and diabetes due to their effects on inflammation, tumor progression, sleep disorders, and body mass regulation.

Pigs without the Hairless gene showed skin and thymus changes, useful for studying human hair disorders.

Finasteride affects frog testes by increasing testosterone, decreasing 5α-DHT, and impacting genes related to reproduction and other functions.

Antiandrogens and androgen inhibitors like spironolactone, finasteride, and dutasteride can treat hair loss and skin conditions, but they have risks and side effects, including potential harm to pregnant women and risks of cancer and heart issues. Herbal remedies also have antiandrogenic effects but lack safety validation.

New treatments for skin conditions related to the sebaceous gland are being developed based on current research.

Sebum production varies by individual and is influenced by age, gender, and hormones, affecting skin and hair health.

Androgens can both increase and decrease hair growth in different parts of the body.

Jumonji genes are important for development and their mutations can cause abnormalities, especially in the heart and brain.

Postpartum depression is linked to changes in brain chemicals, inflammation, stress, and certain genes, and can potentially be identified by markers like specific steroids, serotonin levels, and vitamin D levels.

MicroRNA-302 helps improve the conversion of body cells into stem cells by blocking NR2F2.

The document concludes that future heart disease research should account for sex-specific differences to improve diagnosis, treatment, and outcomes.

Food deprivation increases MST enzyme in the brain, possibly affecting energy balance.

Minoxidil effectively treats female pattern hair loss.

Understanding glycans and enzymes that alter them is key to controlling hair growth.

All types of Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) can treat hair loss, but homologous PRP works best due to its higher platelet count and growth factors from multiple donors.

Topical minoxidil helps treat female pattern hair loss, but more research needed for other treatments.

Non-coding RNAs help control hair growth in cashmere goats.

Understanding hair biology is key to developing better treatments for hair and scalp issues.