The case shows the difficulty in diagnosing certain conditions when standard tests are negative.
March 2023 in “Scholars international journal of obstetrics and gynecology” PCOS is a complex condition that affects women's hormonal balance and metabolism, requiring lifestyle changes and medical management.
January 2019 in “Przegląd Dermatologiczny” An 87-year-old woman was diagnosed with type 3 autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome and had multiple autoimmune issues.
May 2010 in “Current Women's Health Reviews” The document concludes that early diagnosis and treatment of PCOS in teenagers is important for managing symptoms and preventing long-term health problems.
373 citations,
September 2009 in “Obstetrics & Gynecology” The bulletin provides guidelines for diagnosing and managing PCOS, suggesting weight loss, hormonal contraceptives, and diabetes screening, with clomiphene for infertility and various treatments for excess hair.
118 citations,
April 1998 in “Dermatologic Clinics” Finasteride and minoxidil are effective for hair regrowth, while treatments for alopecia areata have varying success and continuous treatment is necessary.
70 citations,
August 1995 in “Fertility and Sterility” Finasteride reduces hairiness and androgen levels in women with unexplained excessive hair growth.
62 citations,
April 2004 in “Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy” Finasteride effectively treats male pattern baldness, improving hair growth and density.
37 citations,
October 2004 in “Adolescent Medicine Clinics” Bariatric surgery may help severely obese teenagers but has risks and requires careful patient selection and long-term care.
36 citations,
May 2017 in “The journal of sexual medicine” Cyproterone acetate treatment is safe and causes mild feminization, which increases with added estrogen.
32 citations,
March 2020 in “Drug Design Development and Therapy” Finasteride shows promise for female hair loss, but more research needed.
27 citations,
March 2018 in “Allergy and asthma proceedings” People with alopecia areata often have higher rates of allergies and autoimmune diseases.
27 citations,
September 2014 in “JAMA dermatology” Female donor to male recipient sex mismatch and positive ACA-IgG are key risk factors for vitiligo and alopecia areata in chronic GvHD patients.
26 citations,
June 2016 in “Journal of Reproductive Immunology” Women with PCOS have higher xanthine oxidase activity linked to inflammation and heart disease risks.
22 citations,
February 2013 in “Wound Repair and Regeneration” Mice genetically modified to produce more CD109 in their skin had less inflammation and better healing with less scarring.
21 citations,
January 1988 in “Stress Medicine” Stress affects skin health and emotional well-being should be considered in skin disease treatment.
20 citations,
October 2017 in “Clinical Endocrinology” The conclusion is that removing both ovaries is the best treatment for excess male hormones in postmenopausal women, with medication as another option, and managing insulin resistance is important for diagnosis and treatment.
19 citations,
January 2012 in “Dermato-endocrinology” Moderately high prolactin levels do not cause hair loss in women.
18 citations,
December 2010 in “Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology” Women with AGA have more androstenedione and dihydrotestosterone, less copper and zinc; copper imbalance affects AGA; treatment improves hormones and minerals.
17 citations,
May 2019 in “Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research and Reviews” High fasting insulin levels in women with PCOS are linked to a higher risk of heart and metabolic problems.
8 citations,
October 2010 in “Scandinavian Journal of Clinical & Laboratory Investigation” Normal-range ALT levels can indicate metabolic and hormonal imbalances in young women.
7 citations,
February 2019 in “Journal of gynecology obstetrics and human reproduction” People with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are more likely to have higher levels of depression and anxiety, but their personality traits are similar to those without PCOS.
3 citations,
May 2018 in “Reproductive Sciences” The drug BAY 1158061 is safe, well-tolerated, and shows potential for treating diseases related to prolactin.
3 citations,
January 2001 in “Cambridge University Press eBooks” Finasteride effectively treats hair loss and enlarged prostate in men, with mild side effects.
2 citations,
November 2017 in “Gynecological Endocrinology” The enzyme myo-inositol oxygenase is not linked to the cause of polycystic ovarian syndrome.
2 citations,
June 2009 in “The Nurse practitioner” Doctors should recognize and treat PCOS early in primary care to manage symptoms and lower risk of other health issues.
1 citations,
November 2014 The document explains hair and nail biology, common hair loss conditions and treatments, oral and genital skin diseases, and the risks and treatments associated with squamous cell carcinoma.
June 2024 in “Research Square (Research Square)” Young women in West Bengal, India, with PCOS often have estrogen resistance, leptin receptor issues, folate deficiency, T2DM, and acanthosis, commonly linked to obesity.
Toxoplasma gondii infection may increase testosterone levels in males.
September 2023 in “Curēus” Alopecia areata may be linked to hearing problems, so patients should monitor their hearing.