116 citations,
August 2010 in “Nature” Scientists turned rat thymus cells into stem cells that can help repair skin and hair.
17 citations,
June 2019 in “The journal of immunology/The Journal of immunology” A specific DNA region is crucial for Foxn1 gene expression in thymus cells but not in hair follicles.
69 citations,
January 2013 in “Frontiers in Immunology” The FOXN1 gene is crucial for developing immune cells and preventing immune disorders.
4 citations,
May 2014 in “Biochemical Society Transactions” Environmental cues can change the fate and function of epithelial cells, with potential for cell therapy.
56 citations,
February 2010 in “PLOS ONE” Blocking Wnt signaling in young mice causes thymus shrinkage and cell loss, but recovery is possible when the block is removed.
53 citations,
August 2019 in “American journal of human genetics” FOXN1 gene variants cause low T cells and immune issues from birth.
21 citations,
November 2010 in “Journal of molecular medicine” FoxN1 gene is essential for proper thymus structure and preventing hair loss.
16 citations,
September 2006 in “The Journal of Immunology” MILL molecules are unique immune proteins in mice that don't need TAP to appear on cell surfaces.
5 citations,
January 2022 in “PloS one” Deleting the p63 gene in certain cells causes problems in thymus development and severe hair loss in mice.
February 2011 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” New findings suggest targeting IL-23 could treat psoriasis, skin cells can adapt to new roles, direct conversion of skin cells to blood cells may aid cell therapy, removing certain tumor cells could boost cancer immunotherapy, and melanoma may have many tumorigenic cells, not just cancer stem cells.
50 citations,
January 2016 in “The FEBS journal” RANK is a key target in breast cancer treatment due to its role in tumor growth and bone metastasis.
22 citations,
January 2009 in “Advances in experimental medicine and biology” FOXN1 mutations cause severe immunodeficiency, hair loss, nail issues, and thymus defects.
6 citations,
August 2022 in “Science immunology” Foxn1 gene regulation is crucial for thymus development but not for hair growth.
May 2014 in “The journal of immunology/The Journal of immunology” Early over-expression of FoxN1 harms immune and skin development.
April 2010 in “The journal of immunology/The Journal of immunology” FoxN1 gene is crucial for proper thymus structure and normal skin appearance.
May 2017 in “The journal of immunology/The Journal of immunology” Patients with certain FoxN1 gene mutations have severe immune issues but normal skin and hair.
27 citations,
August 2014 in “Wiley interdisciplinary reviews. Developmental biology” The skin and thymus develop similarly to protect and support immunity.
86 citations,
October 2005 in “Experimental Dermatology” The Foxn1 gene mutation causes hairlessness and immune system issues, and understanding it could lead to hair growth disorder treatments.
32 citations,
May 2012 in “PloS one” Thymic transplantation normalized some T-cells but not others, maintaining immune function.
8 citations,
November 2020 in “Nature Communications” Adult stem cells with Tp63 can form hair and skin cells when placed in new skin, showing they have hidden abilities for skin repair.
18 citations,
April 2016 in “The journal of immunology/The Journal of immunology” Thymic mesenchymal cells have unique gene expression that supports their specific functions in the thymus.
479 citations,
June 2014 in “Science” Epithelial stem cells can adapt and help in tissue repair and regeneration.
47 citations,
June 2013 in “Biology of blood and marrow transplantation” Mice with human fetal thymic tissue and stem cells developed symptoms similar to chronic graft-versus-host disease.
129 citations,
May 2015 in “Cell Stem Cell” Different types of stem cells exist within individual skin layers, and they can adapt to damage, transplantation, or tumor growth. These cells are regulated by their environment and genetic factors. Tumor growth is driven by expanding, genetically altered cells, not long-lived mutant stem cells. There's evidence of cancer stem cells in skin tumors. Other cells, bacteria, and genetic factors help maintain balance and contribute to disease progression. A method for growing mini organs from single cells has been developed.
6 citations,
May 2013 in “PloS one” The Foxn1(-/-) nude mouse shows disrupted and expanded skin stem cell areas due to high Lhx2 levels.
November 2020 in “International journal of contemporary pediatrics” Two siblings had a rare immune disorder caused by a FOXN1 gene mutation.
688 citations,
June 2007 in “Cell Stem Cell” Removing the ATR gene in adult mice causes rapid aging and stem cell loss.
111 citations,
June 2002 in “The EMBO Journal” Too much Smad7 can cause serious changes in skin tissues, including problems with hair growth, thymus shrinkage, and eye development issues.
3 citations,
February 2021 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)” Adult esophageal cells can start to become like skin cells, with a key pathway influencing this change.
16 citations,
October 2014 in “Cell death and disease” FoxN1 overexpression in young mice harms immune cell and skin development.