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Monotreme hair structure and protein distribution are similar to other mammals, but their inner root sheath cornifies differently, suggesting a unique evolution from reptile skin.

Hair in mammals likely evolved from glandular structures, not scales.

Hard skin features like scales, feathers, and hair evolved through specific protein changes in different animal groups.

The skin systems of jawed vertebrates evolved diverse appendages like hair and scales from a common structure over 420 million years ago.

Different hair types in mammals are linked to variations in specific protein genes, with changes influenced by their living environments.

Blocking a specific protein signal can make hair grow on mouse nipples.

ATP-dependent chromatin-remodeling complexes are crucial for gene regulation, cell differentiation, and organ development in mammals.

Lower levels of certain brain chemicals are linked to worse PTSD symptoms in men.

Valproic acid increases hair count in men with hair loss.

Fibroblasts, cells usually linked to tissue repair, also help regenerate various organs and their ability decreases with age. Turning adult fibroblasts back to a younger state could be a new treatment approach.

Proper control of β-catenin activity is crucial for development and preventing diseases like cancer.

Finasteride given to baby rats causes anxiety-like behavior and worsens learning from punishment in adult rats.

Valproic acid helps delay hair loss and increases survival time for high-grade glioma patients undergoing radiation therapy.

Skin-derived stem cells can become various cell types, including germ cell-like and oocyte-like cells.

A 2-year-old boy with a rare brain malformation may have Gomez–López-Hernández syndrome.

Wnt7a protein is crucial for development and tissue maintenance and plays varying roles in diseases and potential treatments.

Exosomes help nerve fibers grow by affecting specific cell signaling pathways.

Bisphenol-A (BPA) increases connections between brain cells and boosts their activity, but it blocks the effects of a male hormone on brain cell plasticity.

PNKP is essential for keeping adult mouse progenitor cells healthy and growing normally.

Finasteride given to baby rats reduces dopamine release and increases alcohol consumption in adult males.

The document concludes that sex hormones are crucial for mammalian reproduction, health, and behavior, and require more research for therapeutic use.

HNG may help prevent the negative effects of chemotherapy on sperm production and white blood cell counts.

A compound named ZCZ90 can increase muscle spindle firing, potentially helping treat muscle spasms and hypertension.

Valproic Acid helps regrow hair in mice and activates a hair growth marker in human cells.

SLVs help maintain muscle stretch sensitivity and could aid in treating hypertension and muscle spasticity.

Touching hair can activate nearby nerve cells through signals from the hair's outer layer.