110 citations,
January 2014 in “The Journal of Sexual Medicine” Testosterone treatment in trans men increases body and facial hair and may lead to hair loss over time, but severe skin issues are rare.
64 citations,
August 1999 in “The American journal of medicine” The transscrotal testosterone patch normalizes hormone levels in men with AIDS and weight loss but does not improve weight, body mass, or quality of life.
62 citations,
July 2017 in “Endocrine connections” Adults with polycystic ovary syndrome are much more likely to have obstructive sleep apnea.
47 citations,
June 2016 in “JAMA Dermatology” Men with early hair loss have similar hormone levels to women with PCOS, possibly increasing risk of obesity and heart issues.
40 citations,
March 1982 in “British Journal of Dermatology” Young women with diffuse hair loss may have low SHBG levels, which could lead to more active testosterone and contribute to their hair loss.
37 citations,
September 2018 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Intravaginal testosterone cream improves sexual satisfaction and reduces vaginal discomfort in postmenopausal women on breast cancer treatment without affecting hormone levels.
30 citations,
February 2003 in “Annals of Neurology” Progesterone and related compounds may help control seizures linked to the menstrual cycle but have limitations that need addressing.
28 citations,
October 2007 in “PubMed” Low iron levels are linked to more hair loss in non-menopausal women.
24 citations,
November 2015 in “Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism” Certain SHBG gene variants, like rs727428, are linked to higher testosterone levels in women with PCOS.
23 citations,
January 2016 in “International Journal of Trichology” Women with female pattern hair loss have lower Vitamin D3 levels.
20 citations,
June 2010 in “International Journal of Dermatology” Women with mild acne are more likely to have polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) than those without acne.
15 citations,
January 2018 in “Indian Journal of Dermatology” Women with androgenetic alopecia have lower zinc and iron levels.
11 citations,
February 2013 in “Clinical Endocrinology” A small number of premenopausal female blood donors had high prolactin levels, often due to stress, and retesting is recommended to prevent misdiagnosis.
7 citations,
December 2014 in “Gynecological Endocrinology” LC-MS/MS is more reliable than immunoassays for diagnosing 21-hydroxylase deficiency.
7 citations,
December 2014 in “Australasian journal of dermatology” Insulin resistance is not more common in idiopathic hirsutism patients than in healthy individuals.
6 citations,
July 2016 in “Gynecological Endocrinology” PSA levels are higher in women with PCOS, but FAI is a more accurate marker for diagnosis.
5 citations,
March 2022 in “Frontiers in Endocrinology” A model using hormone levels, cycle length, and BMI can help identify PCOS in Chinese women but isn't for screening teens.
4 citations,
October 2022 in “American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology” Higher DHT levels are linked to worse heart changes in severe aortic valve stenosis patients.
4 citations,
May 2022 in “BMC Women's Health” High levels of anti-Müllerian hormone can indicate polycystic ovarian syndrome in women who can have babies.
2 citations,
February 2021 in “Endocrinology, diabetes & metabolism case reports” A teenage girl had both a rare ovarian tumor and a severe form of polycystic ovarian syndrome.
January 2023 in “International journal of clinical medicine” Women with PCOS and hair loss have lower levels of the protein gelsolin in their blood.
November 2003 in “Aap Grand Rounds” Low-dose flutamide-metformin therapy effectively improved PCOS symptoms in adolescent girls.
February 2023 in “Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology” Higher leptin and lower vitamin D levels may contribute to male pattern baldness.
1040 citations,
October 1992 in “The New England Journal of Medicine” Finasteride effectively treats BPH but may increase sexual dysfunction risk.
658 citations,
June 2003 in “Endocrine reviews” Male hormones may play a role in the development of heart disease, and more research is needed to understand their effects.
306 citations,
August 2011 in “Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle” Enobosarm significantly increased muscle mass and improved physical function in elderly men and postmenopausal women without serious side effects.
239 citations,
July 2002 in “Clinical and Experimental Dermatology” Low iron and L-lysine levels can cause hair loss in women, and increasing these nutrients can reduce hair shedding.
232 citations,
December 2005 in “Andrology” PCOS is caused by both genetics and environmental factors like diet and obesity.
222 citations,
January 2014 in “International journal of reproductive medicine” Insulin resistance and obesity are key factors in the development and worsening of polycystic ovary syndrome, and lifestyle changes are important for managing it.
198 citations,
July 2011 in “Cochrane library” Lifestyle changes can improve body composition, excess male hormone levels, and insulin resistance in women with PCOS.