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GnRH analogue can help diagnose ovarian causes of high testosterone in postmenopausal women when scans don't show the cause.

The woman's surgery lowered her testosterone and improved scalp hair loss but did not change her excessive body hair.

The hedgehog signaling pathway is crucial for hair growth but not for the initial creation of hair follicles.

Finasteride can cause one-sided breast enlargement, which disappears after stopping the drug.

The document explains how male reproductive hormones work and affect the body.

A 15-year-old girl with no menstrual period was diagnosed with a genetic condition that makes her body unable to respond to male hormones, leading to female characteristics despite having male genetic makeup.

Male genital development is driven by androgen signaling and understanding it could help address congenital anomalies.

Hormone imbalances can cause skin diseases, and understanding these links is important for diagnosis and treatment.

The document concludes that treatments for female hair loss and excess body hair are available, but managing expectations is important.

Medical treatments like chemotherapy and radiotherapy can harm sperm production, so freezing sperm before treatment is important for men who want children later.

A young Saudi girl with uncontrolled type 1 diabetes and hypothyroidism had two rare conditions, Mauriac syndrome and Van Wyk–Grumbach syndrome.

Cross-sex hormone therapy is important for managing gender dysphoria and requires careful monitoring and healthcare provider education.

The conclusion suggests that PCOS may persist due to genetic traits that, while harmful for female fertility, could have provided survival and reproductive benefits to males.

The document explains how the male reproductive system works, its role in making testosterone, and how conditions like obesity can disrupt it, leading to low testosterone and fertility issues.

COVID-19 may harm male fertility and damage the reproductive system.

The document concludes that the 5 alpha-reductase enzymes are important in steroid metabolism and related to various human diseases, with inhibitors used to treat conditions like male pattern baldness and prostate issues.

The document does not determine if adults with aphallia are fertile.

The case highlights the complexity of diagnosing high testosterone in older women and the need for thorough testing.

A postmenopausal woman's high testosterone levels and symptoms improved after removing a tumor from her ovary.

Hair loss in elderly women is often caused by various factors, including hormonal changes after menopause.

Surgery to lower high testosterone in postmenopausal women with certain ovarian tumors doesn't significantly affect their metabolism.

Hirsutism is too much hair growth in women like the pattern in men, often caused by high male hormones, and can be treated with hormone control and hair removal methods.

The document concludes that careful evaluation is needed to diagnose PCOS correctly due to similar symptoms in other conditions, and accurate testosterone level measurement is crucial.

Excessive hair growth in women can be harmless or signal serious health issues, and treatment often includes medication and hair removal, with noticeable results after 3-6 months.

A 71-year-old woman developed male-like features due to high testosterone levels caused by a benign ovarian tumor, which was successfully removed by surgery.

Most hirsutism cases are due to PCOS, and treatment focuses on lowering testosterone and blocking its effects.

Effective hirsutism management requires identifying the cause, combining new and traditional treatments, and setting realistic expectations for patients.

The Androgen Receptor could be a target for treating diseases like cancer, but more research is needed to confirm the effectiveness of potential treatments.

Androgen receptor signaling causes early aging of cells important for hair growth by damaging their DNA.

Hirsutism is more linked to high androgen levels than acne or hair loss, and a mix of hormonal tests is best for diagnosis; certain treatments can reduce symptoms.