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This review discusses vaccine safety concerns for individuals with autoimmune and inflammatory conditions, noting vaccine hesitancy due to observed exacerbations post-vaccination and a lack of comprehensive trial data.

In this study, serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels were similar between alopecia areata patients and healthy controls, though a non-significant trend toward higher vitamin D deficiency was observed among the patients.

This meta-regression analysis observed a slightly negative but nonsignificant correlation between vitamin D levels and the severity of alopecia areata, suggesting a complex relationship that requires further investigation.

In this randomized, placebo-controlled trial, adults with severe chronic alopecia areata who received deuruxolitinib showed significant hair regrowth compared to placebo over 24 weeks, and the treatment was generally well-tolerated, though long-term effects remain unexamined.

In this study, baricitinib was effective in improving hair regrowth in patients with severe alopecia areata over one year, especially when treatment began within four years of symptom onset.

This study reported that in a case series of three adolescents with alopecia areata and atopic dermatitis, treatment with 15 mg/day of upadacitinib led to rapid improvement in skin symptoms and significant hair regrowth over 12 months, with no severe adverse events observed.

This retrospective study observed that switching from tofacitinib to baricitinib improved hair growth in patients with alopecia areata, particularly for previous non-responders, and noted fewer side effects with baricitinib.

This study found that in patients with alopecia areata, serum granulysin levels decreased significantly after treatment with tofacitinib and correlated with reduced disease severity, suggesting serum granulysin as an indicator of immunological activity and response to therapy.

In this study, researchers examined trichoscopic features in a cohort of Black patients with alopecia areata, identifying both common and novel characteristics, but found no statistical link between these features and the severity of alopecia.

In this case-control study, EGF levels were significantly higher in patients with alopecia areata than in healthy controls, and these elevated levels positively correlated with the severity and extent of the disease, suggesting EGF as a potential marker for alopecia areata severity.

This study found that combining a potent steroid with a vitamin D analogue may offer more convenient treatment for localized alopecia areata than using a superpotent steroid alone, with comparable efficacy but fewer side effects.

This study found that pediatric patients with severe alopecia areata showed significant improvement with systemic corticosteroids but typically experienced relapse within 4-5 months, also seeing an increase in weight percentiles.

This article examines the potential of using oral minoxidil as an adjuvant treatment for patients with severe alopecia areata who do not respond to increased doses of Janus kinase inhibitors, but provides no new clinical results.

This study found that children with alopecia areata had significantly lower serum vitamin D levels than healthy controls.

This study found that vitamin D levels in children with autoimmune alopecia were often below optimal, but did not suggest a need for extra vitamin D screening beyond standard practices.

This case report suggests that starting selective Janus kinase 1 inhibition may improve alopecia in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis who was not responding to TNF-α inhibitor therapy and corticosteroids.

In this Italian retrospective study, ritlecitinib 50 mg/day showed effectiveness and good tolerability for treating severe alopecia areata over 24 weeks, achieving significant hair regrowth particularly in adolescents, as well as improvements in eyebrows, eyelashes, nails, and quality of life, with mostly mild adverse effects.

This study found that Baricitinib effectively reduced alopecia severity in adults with severe alopecia areata during a 12-month observation period, especially when initiated in patients with milder baseline conditions and elevated ESR; no serious adverse events were reported.

This study identified key dermoscopic markers such as yellow dots, black dots, broken hairs, and coudability hairs, which were associated with a poorer prognosis in alopecia areata patients.

This study found that after 15 months of treatment with ritlecitinib, patients with alopecia areata and less than 95% initial hair loss experienced significant hair regrowth, though those with more extensive hair loss showed more variable improvement.

This study found that tofacitinib was an effective and well-tolerated treatment for alopecia areata, with significant to moderate hair regrowth in 78% of patients observed.

In this phase 3 trial analysis, baricitinib improved scalp hair growth in adults with severe alopecia areata, with a faster and higher response in those receiving 4 mg compared to 2 mg, but response varied with severity at baseline and continued through week 52.

This study found that oral baricitinib treatment led to hair regrowth in patients with alopecia areata, as observed in two phase 3 trials.

In this study, adding topical calcipotriol 0.005% to topical clobetasol 0.05% significantly improved treatment efficacy for Alopecia Areata compared to using clobetasol alone, as evidenced by a greater reduction in SALT scores over 24 weeks.

This study found that in individuals with alopecia areata, intralesional Triamcinolone therapy led to significantly greater reduction in disease severity, measured by SALT scores, compared to autologous platelet-rich plasma treatment over a 24-week period.

This narrative review found a strong association between oxidative stress and the severity of alopecia areata, noting that increased oxidant and reduced antioxidant biomarkers correlate with higher disease severity scores, and emphasizes the need for larger prospective studies for clinical validation.

This study found that while both microneedling-assisted methotrexate and triamcinolone acetonide treatments led to improvements in recalcitrant alopecia areata, methotrexate-treated areas had significantly better outcomes in terms of SALT score reduction, patient satisfaction, and relapse rates, suggesting its superior short-term efficacy.

In this study, oral JAK inhibitors were found to be significantly more effective than placebo in promoting hair regrowth among adults and adolescents with moderate-to-severe alopecia areata, although they were associated with an increased risk of adverse events.

This systematic review gathered and analyzed data from 56 studies involving 109 patients to assess dupilumab's effects on alopecia areata, examining factors like disease severity, treatment regimens, and clinical outcomes. Results of these analyses are discussed in the accompanying manuscript.

This dataset from a systematic review contains extracted data from 56 studies involving 109 patients to assess dupilumab's effects on alopecia areata, detailing study characteristics, patient demographics, treatment regimens, and clinical outcomes.