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A woman's severe male-like symptoms were caused by a rare, benign tumor in her ovary that produced male hormones.

Most women with PCOS have insulin resistance, especially those with phenotype B.

Hormone imbalances from the pituitary, thyroid, and adrenal glands can cause infertility, but treating these disorders can improve fertility.

AMH levels are higher in women with PCOS and can indicate the number of small follicles in their ovaries.

Common Black hair care products may affect hormone levels and potentially impact health, especially in reproductive and metabolic areas.

Diet changes hormone levels in pregnant ewes by affecting metabolism, not placental synthesis.

High DHEA and short cervical length in women with PCOS and recurrent miscarriages may harm pregnancy outcomes.

The guideline recommends mental health involvement in diagnosing gender identity disorder and outlines hormone and surgical treatment protocols, emphasizing safety, informed consent, and long-term monitoring.

Indian women with PCOS may need different ultrasound criteria for diagnosis than current standards.

The document concludes that early recognition and treatment of PCOS in adolescents is crucial for managing symptoms and long-term health risks.

Long-term testosterone therapy can cause hormone suppression, affect prostate and heart health, and alter physical characteristics, but does not increase prostate cancer risk and needs more research for full risk assessment.

Long-term use of finasteride in women can cause hormonal changes, DNA damage, and menstrual issues.

Certain SHBG gene variants, like rs727428, are linked to higher testosterone levels in women with PCOS.

The levonorgestrel implant increases free testosterone and lowers SHBG more than DMPA-IM and the copper IUD.

Diagnosing PCOS in teenagers is hard because its symptoms often look like normal puberty, and there's a need for better diagnosis methods and agreement on criteria.

Testosterone therapy for transmasculine individuals is generally safe with medical supervision, improves mental health, and has mixed effects on physical health.

Young women with high male hormone levels or PCOS often feel more psychological distress and have a lower quality of life.

Shorter CAG repeats in a specific gene may increase male hormone activity and symptoms like acne and excess hair in women with PCOS.

Postmenopausal women with hyperandrogenism didn't have better metabolic health even after their testosterone levels became normal.

Women with PCOS have higher androgen levels that decrease with age but are still higher than in women without PCOS.

Metformin helps with menstrual cycles and insulin levels in PCOS but is less effective for hair growth, diabetes prevention, and weight loss, and may improve fertility and reduce diabetes risk.

Chemicals and body size might change when puberty starts and progresses, but more research is needed to confirm this.

Women with only irregular periods or excess hair have a better hormone profile than those with full PCOS, but both groups are similar, indicating a need for better PCOS diagnosis methods.

Androgen therapy can help with symptoms like low libido in women, but more research is needed to understand its long-term safety and effects on health.

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome likely starts in childhood and may be genetic and influenced by early hormone exposure.

Testosterone replacement may improve sexual desire and bone health in women with low androgen levels, but more research is needed on its long-term safety.

Kashmiri women with PCOS have more Bifidobacterium in their gut.

High-intensity interval training improves certain hormone levels and lipid profiles in women with PCOS.

Certain MC4R gene variants are linked to higher BMI in obese women with PCOS but do not cause PCOS.

The document concludes that more research is needed to fully understand the causes of PCOS.