40 citations
,
February 2002 in “International Journal of Dermatology” In this study, hair damaged by permanent dye showed signs of recovery over time, with near complete restoration to its original state after eight weeks.
5 citations
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June 2013 in “Fashion business” This study found that adding rose hip extract to permanent wave solutions increased wave effectiveness and reduced hair damage, although variations in hair type may affect the results.
November 2016 in “University of the Arts London Research Online (University of the Arts London)” This study concluded that adding polymeric conditioning actives to shampoos improved color retention in permanently dyed hair, while additional cationic dyes at certain pH levels weakly dyed the hair directly.
August 2024 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” This study found that acetyl zingerone methyl ether (MAZ) in hair dyes and haircare products may reduce oxidative damage, improve hair condition, and enhance the longevity and quality of dyed hair color.
4 citations
,
June 2020 in “JAAD case reports” This study presents a rare case of alopecia totalis occurring after the use of permanent hair dye.
August 2022 in “Contact dermatitis” This case report describes a 24-year-old male who developed alopecia areata following an allergic reaction to a permanent hair dye, possibly linked to previous sensitization from a henna tattoo.
24 citations
,
January 2001 in “International Journal of Cancer” This study from Los Angeles supports the idea that using permanent hair dye may increase bladder cancer risk in US women, especially those with a slow NAT2 acetylation phenotype.
January 2023 in “Fashion and textiles” This study found that hair dyed with anionic basic hair dye lost more color after shampooing compared to cationic and nonionic dyes, with alkaline shampoo increasing this effect.
April 2026 in “Cosmetics” This study developed and tested a shampoo with semi-permanent dyes designed to gradually cover gray hair, reporting maintained stability and effective gray–black coloration on high-canities hair tresses through eight wash cycles.
9 citations
,
July 2022 in “Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology” In this study, an ammonia-free and PPD-free permanent hair dye was tested on 50 ethnically diverse females, showing no cases of contact dermatitis and significant improvements in hair shine, color, moisturization, porosity, and combability after two dyeing sessions.
12 citations
,
December 2017 in “Food and chemical toxicology” This study found that mixtures used in permanent hair dyes had irritant effects on reconstructed human epidermis, while individual ingredients alone did not.
84 citations
,
April 2015 in “Cosmetics” This review discusses various types of hair dyes, their mechanisms of action, molecular structures, application methods, and formulation aspects, but reports no new research findings.
6 citations
,
March 2015 in “European Journal of Public Health” This study suggests that long-term use of hair dyes may be associated with higher testosterone levels among premenopausal Japanese women.
1 citations
,
December 2022 in “Middle East Journal of Science” This review covers hair dye formulations, their mechanisms, and potential applications, but reports no new findings; the authors highlight the process of oxidative dyeing and repairing damaged hair.
October 2024 in “UNESP Institutional Repository (São Paulo State University)” This study investigated the effects of ammonium thioglycolate and amino methylpropanol hair straightening followed by permanent coloring, finding significant physical and chemical changes to both the cuticle and cortex of hair fibers.
6 citations
,
March 2015 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” This article discusses the diagnostic challenges of evaluating hair and scalp conditions in patients using hair dye, emphasizing how dyes can mimic different pathologies and lead to contact dermatitis.
November 2025 in “Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)” This study examined how different hair dye processes affect hair structure at a molecular level, finding that oxidative dyes increase keratin porosity more than non-oxidative dyes, and highlighted emerging technology aimed at reducing hair damage while preserving color quality.
November 2025 in “Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)” In this study, researchers investigated how different hair dye processes affect hair structure, finding that oxidative dyes disrupt hair more than semi-permanent dyes, and emerging technologies could help maintain hair health while achieving desired color.
November 2025 in “International Journal of Science and Research Archive” This study reviews how different hair dyeing methods affect hair structure, showing oxidative dyes cause more structural damage than semi-permanent dyes, while new technologies aim to minimize harm while preserving color.
June 2026 in “Applied and Computational Engineering” This study reviewed the principles and classifications of hair dyes, identifying significant differences between oxidative, temporary non-oxidative, and semi-permanent non-oxidative dyes in terms of duration, application methods, and potential risks, which could help improve safety and convenience in hair dye use.
2 citations
,
May 2020 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” This study suggests that higher use of phytoestrogen-containing hair and personal care products may increase the association between permanent hair dye, straightener use, and breast cancer risk in black women.
1 citations
,
October 2021 in “Indian Journal of Plastic Surgery/Indian journal of plastic surgery” This study highlights that improving medical professionals' knowledge of hair cosmetics can enhance patient adherence to alopecia treatments and reduce health risks from incorrect use of hair products.
January 1996 in “대한피부과학회지” This study found that permanent dye application causes initial swelling and subsequent degradation of the hair cuticle, with recovery taking more than 8 weeks to approach pre-treatment conditions.
May 2026 in “Brazilian Journal of Hair Health” This study found that bleaching significantly damages hair structure and increases combing difficulty, while dyeing with emulsifiers can partially reduce damage and improve combability, yet both processes cause notable protein loss.
December 2000 in “Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology” This paper reviews various aspects of hair care products, including formulations, regulations, categories, and safety, without reporting new clinical findings.
3 citations
,
January 2007 in “Journal of health science” This study found that an enzymatic method effectively identified chemical treatments like perming and dyeing by detecting higher degradation in treated hair compared to untreated hair.
11 citations
,
January 2000 in “Journal of cosmetic science” This study found that hydrolyzed wheat proteins extensively penetrated both untreated and chemically treated hair, primarily occupying areas like the endocuticle and cortex.
6 citations
,
October 2006 in “International Journal of Dermatology” This article discusses central trichoptilosis with onycholysis but provides no new clinical results.
3 citations
,
June 2008 in “Springer eBooks” Hair care products clean, protect, style, color, and change hair structure.
3 citations
,
October 2006 in “Journal of dermatology” This study reported that X-ray microscopy provides more intact images of hair's internal structure compared to transmission electron microscopy, particularly for observing fine details like cuticle coarsening and cortex cracks.