Allergens of Permanent Hair Dyes Induce Epidermal Damage, Skin Barrier Loss, and IL-1 Alpha Increase in Epidermal In Vitro Model

December 2017 in “ Food and chemical toxicology ”

Thalita B. Zanoni, Tatiana do Nascimento Pedrosa, Carolina Motter Catarino, Sander W. Spiekstra, Danielle Palma de Oliveira, G.J.M. den Hartog, Aalt Bast, Geja Hagemann, Susan Gibbs, Sílvia Berlanga de Moraes Barros, Silvya Stuchi Maria‐Engler

p-phenylenediamine Resorcinol Hydrogen Peroxide IL-1 α reconstructed human epidermis skin barrier loss cytotoxicity skin irritation PPD RES H2O2 RhE

TLDR Permanent hair dye mixtures can irritate and damage the skin.

The study investigated the effects of permanent hair dye ingredients on skin irritation using a reconstructed human epidermis (RhE) model. It was found that individual ingredients like p-phenylenediamine (PPD), Resorcinol (RES), and Hydrogen Peroxide (H2O2) did not cause significant cytotoxicity or skin irritation. However, when these ingredients were combined (PPD/H2O2/RES and PPD/H2O2), they induced morphological changes, barrier loss, and increased IL-1 α release, indicating an irritant effect. This suggests that the mixture of ingredients in permanent hair dyes can cause skin irritation, whereas the individual components alone do not.

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Allergens of Permanent Hair Dyes Induce Epidermal Damage, Skin Barrier Loss, and IL-1 Alpha Increase in Epidermal In Vitro Model

Research cited in this study

research Hydrogen Peroxide and Monoethanolamine Are the Key Causative Ingredients for Hair Dye-Induced Dermatitis and Hair Loss

research Sebum Free Fatty Acids Enhance the Innate Immune Defense of Human Sebocytes by Upregulating Beta-Defensin-2 Expression

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