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Treating non-classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia is complex because the benefits of hormone treatment must be weighed against potential health risks.

Testosterone treatment in trans men increases body and facial hair and may lead to hair loss over time, but severe skin issues are rare.

Hormonal therapies, like flutamide and cyproterone acetate, are safe and effective for treating adult women's acne, especially those with hormone imbalance or resistant acne.

Skin aging is caused by stem cell damage and can potentially be delayed with treatments like antioxidants and stem cell therapy.

Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) is a prohormone important for producing sex steroids and has potential health benefits.

Finasteride reduces testosterone conversion, progesterone lessens this, and levamisole enhances finasteride's effect.

Australian doctors experienced in adult transgender healthcare mostly prescribe intramuscular testosterone and oral estradiol, recommend mental health assessments before hormone therapy, and support improved training and guidelines.

Men and women get COVID-19 at similar rates, but men tend to get sicker and have a higher risk of dying, while women usually have stronger immune responses and vaccine reactions.

The document concludes that a systematic approach is crucial to identify causes of androgen excess in women beyond the most common cause, Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

Testosterone helps human pancreatic cells increase insulin release.

There are various effective hormone treatments for puberty induction in boys and girls with hypogonadism, and starting treatment early is important.

Androgens can both promote and prevent hair growth due to differences in gene expression in hair follicles.

Low levels of ferritin and vitamin B12 are common in women with telogen effluvium, but the link between nutrient deficiencies and the condition is not clear.

Regulating certain sex hormones may help delay facial aging.

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a common condition in women that can cause metabolic, reproductive, and psychological issues, and requires lifestyle changes and medication for management.

PCOS is diagnosed when at least two of these three features are present: polycystic ovaries, irregular ovulation, and high androgen levels.

The enzyme steroid sulfatase is linked to breast cancer and other conditions, and inhibitors are being developed for treatment.

Dissolving microneedles show promise for delivering medication through the skin but face challenges like manufacturing complexity and regulatory hurdles.

Many women with hair loss also have zinc deficiency, iron depletion, or thyroid issues.

New treatments for skin conditions related to the sebaceous gland are being developed based on current research.

PCOS often leads to sleep problems, especially obstructive sleep apnea, affecting overall health.

High levels of male hormones in pregnant mice cause heart enlargement and poor heart function in their female babies.

Metformin can cause hair loss in some women with PCOS.

Low vitamin D levels can significantly contribute to hair loss, especially in women aged 35-45. Correcting these levels early may help prevent and treat this condition.

Sex hormones may influence COVID-19 severity, with males at higher risk, and certain hormone therapies could potentially treat the virus.

The document concludes that future heart disease research should account for sex-specific differences to improve diagnosis, treatment, and outcomes.

Sex hormones affect brain injury differently in males and females.

Cyproterone acetate with ethinyl estradiol is effective for treating skin symptoms related to high androgen levels, like in PCOS.

Women with PCOS have more depression and stress due to high androgen levels, not obesity or insulin resistance.