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This literature review highlights the effectiveness of topical vitamin D (e.g., calcipotriol, calcitriol) in treating vitiligo, emphasizing its role in melanogenesis and as an immunomodulator, either alone or combined with topical corticosteroids, offering minimal side effects.

This research describes methods to activate melanocyte stem cells during hair follicle regeneration and to isolate melanocytes from neonatal mouse skin, with the aim of studying melanogenesis for potential clinical applications.

This case report describes a unique occurrence of alopecia totalis resulting in pigmented hair growth over superficial scalp veins in an adult female using augmented betamethasone dipropionate ointment.

This review summarizes the anatomical and physiological aspects of human hair and its clinical significance, but does not report new research findings.

This study identified somatostatin as a potential secretory factor contributing to the immune privilege of human hair follicles.

This review discusses recent advances in understanding the pathogenesis of autoimmune alopecia areata and reports no new clinical results; it highlights potential for developing more effective treatments.

This article discusses the immune privilege in hair follicles and suggests that restoring its collapse might be an effective strategy for treating alopecia areata and cicatricial alopecia, but it reports no new clinical results.

This review discusses the mechanisms of hair repigmentation and reports no clinical results; the authors suggest further research into topical treatments for reversing gray hair.

This review discusses the early phases of melanomagenesis and the factors influencing melanoma cell variability and reports no new clinical results.

In this study, the researchers optimized a method for culturing melanocyte precursors from hair follicles and found that 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 significantly promotes their differentiation and melanin synthesis.

This review discusses melanocytes' role in pigmentation, their clinical significance in conditions like vitiligo and hair graying, and highlights current research on hair follicle regeneration without reporting new clinical results.

This review summarizes the roles of bone morphogenetic proteins in the development and regulation of normal and diseased skin, but it does not provide new clinical results.

This study found that the small molecule honokiol may protect against inflammation, collagen breakdown, and cell damage caused by cigarette smoke in skin cells cultured in vitro.

This review discusses various aspects of hair color, including its formation and evolutionary variations, based on research presented at the 4th Intercontinental Meeting of Hair Research Societies 2004, without providing new experimental results.

This chapter provides an overview of skin physiology, aging effects, and how environmental factors like UV damage impact skin health, without presenting new research findings.

This review provides an analysis of topical treatments with clinically proven efficacy for managing hyperpigmentation and concludes that the most effective approach is using combined therapies that target multiple aspects of skin pigmentation physiology.

In this murine study, researchers found that topical treatment with Philippine stingless bee propolis increased folliculogenesis, epidermal thickness, and melanogenesis, but not hair length, potentially supporting hair follicle regeneration and melanocyte function in chemotherapy-induced alopecia models.

This article discusses the etiology, clinical features, diagnosis, histopathology, and treatment of alopecia areata but reports no new clinical findings; it emphasizes the palliative nature of current treatments.

In this study, researchers observed that Melan A, a melanocytic marker, was significantly expressed in hair follicles of alopecia areata patients and correlated with immune infiltrates, suggesting melanocytes might contribute to the autoimmune response in this condition.

This article reviews potential pathomechanisms of vitiligo, emphasizing membrane alterations involving cholesterol and cardiolipin, but reports no new clinical findings.

In this study, researchers reported that adenosine stimulated hair shaft elongation in cultured human hair follicles by promoting proliferation and prolonging the anagen phase, suggesting the A2B adenosine receptor in outer root sheath keratinocytes as a promising target for treating hair growth disorders like alopecia.

In this study, topical application of Hominis Placenta significantly promoted hair regrowth and increased hair density in C57BL/6 mice, suggesting its potential as a treatment for alopecia.

This review discusses rodent models of alopecia areata and suggests they are crucial for understanding the autoimmune mechanisms and potential treatments but reports no new clinical results.

In this study, researchers found that alopecia areata patients show a significant reduction in suppressive regulatory T-cells and an increase in inflammatory T-cell populations, suggesting an immunological imbalance contributing to the disease.

This study found that A(3)B(5) downregulates melanin production and suppresses melanoma cell growth by promoting proteasomal degradation of TRP-2.

COVID-19 might cause gray hair to regain color.

Alopecia areata is an autoimmune disorder causing hair loss, linked to specific hair follicle antigens and genetic factors.

This review summarizes recent findings on how the dysregulated PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway contributes to immune-mediated inflammatory skin disorders and discusses the potential of natural products, synthetic compounds, and biologic agents in their treatment. However, it emphasizes the need for further research to develop effective therapies.

This review discusses the mechanisms associated with protoporphyrin IX in living cells and reports no clinical results; the authors emphasize its potential in cancer diagnosis and the risks of toxicity.

This review outlines dermatological toxicities associated with targeted cancer therapies and immunotherapies, emphasizing the need for collaborative management by oncologists and dermatologists but reports no new clinical findings.