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Metformin helps with menstrual cycles and insulin levels in PCOS but is less effective for hair growth, diabetes prevention, and weight loss, and may improve fertility and reduce diabetes risk.

Mutations in the CYP21A2 gene are not a major factor in causing PCOS.

A boy with a rare form of early puberty caused by a new gene mutation responded well to treatment aimed at reducing testosterone and preserving adult height.

N-acetylcysteine was more effective and had fewer side effects than metformin for improving insulin resistance in women with PCOS.

The case shows skin changes can indicate deeper health issues like insulin resistance, which are challenging to manage.

Myo-inositol supplements may improve insulin sensitivity and help with conditions like PCOS and gestational diabetes, but more research is needed.

The document concludes that hair transplantation and gene therapy may be important for future hair loss treatment.

Scientists found genes linked to hair length in Brangus cattle that could help breed heat-tolerant cattle.

Knuckle Acanthosis Nigricans is common in Latin American youth and may indicate early insulin resistance, especially in those with normal weight.

Rosuvastatin improves lipid levels, reduces inflammation, but worsens insulin sensitivity in men with early-onset hair loss.

Non-classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia (NCCAH) can mimic PCOS and requires genetic testing for proper diagnosis and treatment.

Melatonin may help manage PCOS by improving insulin sensitivity, hormone balance, and mood.

Some plant-based treatments may help with ovary function, insulin resistance, and excess male hormones in PCOS, but more research is needed to confirm their safety and effectiveness.

Male pattern baldness involves genetics, hormones, and needs better treatments.

Nonclassic adrenal hyperplasia is a genetic condition that can cause early puberty and fertility problems, treated with specific steroids.

Scientists have created a new hair loss treatment using ultrasound to deliver gene-editing particles, which resulted in up to 90% hair regrowth in mice.

Women generally handle heart enlargement better than men, but it's riskier for them if it occurs; hormones like estrogen offer some protection.

A gene called Gk5 controls lipid production in the skin and affects hair growth.

Certain gene variations increase male hair loss risk, influenced by hormone levels.

The document concludes that current treatments for androgenic alopecia are not fully effective, but new therapies like botulinum toxin and PRP show promise, and future gene therapy could be beneficial.

The Rotterdam Study found risk factors for elderly diseases, links between lifestyle and genetics with health conditions, and aimed to explore new areas like DNA methylation and sensory input effects on brain function.

Hair loss in women is genetic, diagnosed by examination and biopsy, and treated with minoxidil, finasteride, or transplantation.

Hormone treatments for transgender individuals generally improve mental health and physical transition, with some health risks that require medical supervision.

Male pattern hair loss is genetic and influenced by hormones, with treatments like minoxidil and surgery available.

The research suggests that the global distribution of PCOS is likely due to historical human migration and that genes affecting PCOS may have different impacts on males and females.

The conclusion is that we need more effective hair loss treatments than the current ones, and these could include new drugs, gene and stem cell therapy, hormones, and scalp cooling, but they all need thorough safety testing.

Female pattern hair loss involves hormonal factors, genetics, and may be linked to low ferritin levels.

Hair disorders are caused by a complex mix of biology, genetics, hormones, and environmental factors, affecting hair growth and leading to conditions like alopecia.

FPHL causes hair loss in women due to genetics and hormones; minoxidil and anti-androgens are treatments, and early intervention is advised.

AGA, a common hair loss, is caused by genetics, hormones, age, and environmental factors.