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PCOS is a genetic disorder affecting women's reproductive health, with treatments focused on symptoms like insulin resistance and fertility.

Lifestyle changes, medications, and fertility treatments can improve PCOS symptoms and prevent complications.

Women with different PCOS types have similar fertility treatment results.

The document concludes that sex hormones are crucial for mammalian reproduction, health, and behavior, and require more research for therapeutic use.

Selenium might help with insulin resistance and cholesterol in PCOS, but more research is needed to confirm its benefits.

Skin-derived stem cells can become various cell types, including germ cell-like and oocyte-like cells.

New treatments for PCOS are improving fertility and managing symptoms better.

Different PCOS types respond uniquely to infertility treatments, with some having lower pregnancy rates and higher risks of complications.

Quercetin may help improve symptoms of polycystic ovary syndrome.

Women with PCOS have lower amylin levels, which are not related to their body weight.

Metformin is effective for treating excessive hair growth in women with PCOS and may work better than the standard treatment in some ways.

Metformin helps with menstrual cycles and insulin levels in PCOS but is less effective for hair growth, diabetes prevention, and weight loss, and may improve fertility and reduce diabetes risk.

Melatonin improved mental health and metabolism in women with PCOS.

The study found that women with hyperandrogenic PCOS have higher levels of AKT1 and AKT2 proteins in their cells, which may lead to cell dysfunction.

Women with polycystic ovarian syndrome are more likely to have cervical insufficiency, especially South Asian and Black women.

Dihydrotestosterone treatment can help penis growth in boys with 5α-reductase deficiency but doesn't fully normalize size after puberty.

Oral isotretinoin for severe acne can change hormone levels but does not significantly affect ovarian function.

The IRS-2 Asp/Asp genotype may increase the risk of PCOS in Chinese women, especially if they are not obese.

AMH levels are higher in women with PCOS and can indicate the number of small follicles in their ovaries.

Finasteride blocks progesterone production in specific tumor cells, potentially causing side effects.

A gene called APCDD1, which controls hair growth, is found to be faulty in a type of hair loss called hereditary hypotrichosis simplex.

Postpartum depression is linked to changes in brain chemicals, inflammation, stress, and certain genes, and can potentially be identified by markers like specific steroids, serotonin levels, and vitamin D levels.

Low-dose gonadotropin treatment is effective for infertility in women with PCOS, leading to high ovulation rates and comparable pregnancy rates with fewer complications.

Women with PCOS often feel stigmatized and have mood issues, which can lower their sexual satisfaction, but proper treatment and support can help.

The skin's ability to produce hormones is linked to various skin conditions, and better understanding this process could lead to new treatments.

Using defensins to activate stem cells may improve skin aging signs without causing inflammation.

Advancements in male reproductive medicine are ongoing, but more research and improved treatments are needed in several areas.

Testosterone therapy can modestly improve sexual function in menopausal women but should be used cautiously and is not recommended for routine measurement in sexual dysfunction or hirsutism.

Progestogens are essential in menopausal hormone therapy to prevent uterine cancer and must be chosen carefully based on individual needs.

Testosterone therapy may improve mood, well-being, and sexual function in premenopausal women, but more research is needed on its long-term safety and effectiveness.