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This article reviews current understanding of alopecia areata, its genetic and immune factors, and discusses ongoing research and treatment development, without presenting new experimental results.

This review summarizes the current genetic research on alopecia areata, including potential new therapeutic strategies, but reports no new clinical findings.

This review discusses current and emerging therapies for alopecia areata, highlights the challenges in managing this chronic disease, and emphasizes the importance of addressing its psychosocial impacts; it reports no new clinical results.

This article describes the various presentations of oral lichen planus and notes it often requires topical or systemic immunosuppressive treatment for associated discomfort, but it reports no new clinical results.

This paper identifies challenges in diagnosing alopecia variants, emphasizing the importance of pathologists understanding hair follicle histology, biopsy types, and collaborating with dermatologists to improve diagnostic accuracy.

This article proposes that alopecia areata may be caused by immune attacks on hair follicles after an immune privilege collapse, suggesting new therapeutic approaches targeting this immune response pattern.

In this study, researchers found that in mice, gonadal hormones and biological sex do not affect the expression of SARS-CoV-2 entry proteins ACE-2 and TMPRSS-2 in the respiratory tract, regardless of disease state.

This review discusses the potential influence of gut microbiota on alopecia areata and suggests fecal microbial transplantation as a possible therapeutic approach but reports no new results.

This review article discusses recent advances in stem cell-based therapies for Alopecia Areata, noting preliminary clinical trials show significant hair regrowth, but emphasizes the need for thorough evaluation of long-term safety and efficacy.

This review highlights that alopecia areata is influenced by genetic, autoimmune, and environmental factors, with emerging treatments like JAK-2 inhibitors showing promise for severe cases.

This review discusses the roles of interferon-γ and PPAR-γ-mediated signalling in scarring alopecia, suggesting these pathways as potential therapeutic targets, but it reports no new empirical results.

This review discusses immune pathways involved in alopecia areata and explores emerging, more targeted therapeutic strategies, noting their potential for better safety and effectiveness compared to traditional immune suppressants.

In this study, researchers found that quiescent stem cells resist immune attack due to downregulated antigen presentation, which may help explain the immune evasion of early cancer-initiating cells.

This study suggests that autophagy is essential for regulating TLR3-mediated regenerative processes in human keratinocytes.

This review synthesizes current research on how the interaction between the skin microbiome and exosome-mediated communication influences hair disorders, and discusses how microbiome restoration and exosome-based therapies could advance treatments for conditions like alopecia by promoting hair regrowth and follicular health.

This article discusses the potential for targeted therapies in hair loss by exploring inflammatory and cytokine-mediated processes, but it presents no new clinical results.

This study identified key genes linked to immune cells and potential therapeutic compounds for alopecia areata by evaluating upregulated genes from patient datasets, highlighting T and NK cell involvement in hair follicle attack and suggesting drug candidates through molecular docking and dynamics simulations.

This review outlines the transition from simple hair follicle organoids to immune-competent microphysiological systems, addressing limitations in replicating native hair follicle immune features and discussing their applications in disease modeling and regenerative medicine.

This study proposes the miR-22-5p-LEF1 axis as a novel pathway that may regulate hair follicle stem cell proliferation.

This review discusses various nanocarriers for gene and genome editing therapies, highlighting that ionizable lipid nanoparticles show advanced delivery performance, while emerging polymer-based and exosome-inspired carriers are rapidly advancing for targeted applications.

Lichen Planopilaris causes irreversible hair loss due to immune attacks on hair stem cells, but modulating PPAR-γ might help treat it.

This article discusses autoimmune diseases, detailing their types, symptoms, and potential management strategies, without providing new clinical findings.

This article discusses various autoimmune diseases, including their symptoms and management, and reports no new clinical findings.

This article reviews current and emerging treatments for alopecia areata, emphasizing the need for biomarker-driven patient stratification to optimize therapeutic strategies and reduce potential side effects; it reports no new clinical findings.

This abstract discusses alopecia areata, highlighting its complex autoimmune pathogenesis involving immune cells and signaling molecules, and underscores the importance of accurate diagnosis and tailored management strategies, noting the need for further research to improve treatments.

In this study, researchers found that alopecia areata patients show a significant reduction in suppressive regulatory T-cells and an increase in inflammatory T-cell populations, suggesting an immunological imbalance contributing to the disease.

In this narrative review, researchers outlined the role of T cells in the autoimmune pathogenesis of alopecia areata and highlighted ongoing research into therapeutic pathways, beyond current JAK inhibitors, aimed at developing new treatments for the disease.

This review discusses alopecia areata as a model for studying tissue-directed autoimmune diseases and reports no new clinical findings.

This review discusses immune privilege in anagen hair follicles and its collapse in alopecia areata, emphasizing the importance of restoring this function for effective management and disease relapse prevention.

This review explores the autoimmune hypothesis of alopecia areata and the possible genetic and melanogenesis-associated autoantigens, but reports no new clinical findings.