January 2025 in “Journal of Men s Health” This article reports that the rise in erectile dysfunction among young men may be linked to mental health issues and societal pressures, with online communities often encouraging risky substance use like anabolic steroids and finasteride, which can exacerbate psychological and physical health problems.
1 citations
,
January 2002 in “ODU Digital Commons (Old Dominion University)” This review discusses the portrayal and enforcement of idealized masculinities in men's self-improvement advertising and reports no new empirical results.
June 2003 in “MacSphere (McMaster University)” This article examines changing representations of masculinity in popular media, looking at how they reshape gender roles and relationships, but reports no new empirical findings or evidence.
2 citations
,
October 2017 in “Global Media and Communication” In this study, ads in leading Indian men's magazines featured more international brands and Caucasian models, while promoting a class-based global masculinity among upper-class urban Indian men.
6 citations
,
September 2024 in “Discover Psychology” This study observed that men who conform more strongly to traditional masculinity norms are likelier to undergo cosmetic surgery as a way to assert power, success, dominance, and sexual success.
This study found that nearly 20% of men surveyed in German-speaking Europe had undergone cosmetic surgery, with higher conformity to traditional masculinity ideologies linked to greater odds of having these procedures, particularly hair transplants.
This dissertation examines how The Body Politic newspaper shaped and challenged concepts of gay male masculinity and identity in Toronto's gay community from 1971 to 1987.
3 citations
,
December 2020 in “Endocrine and metabolic science” This study found that care for transgender Veterans at VANCHCS could benefit from a more consistent, team-based approach to therapy.
138 citations
,
October 2012 in “Behavioral Ecology” This review argues that the immunocompetence hypothesis, linking masculine facial features to attractiveness through health benefits, lacks sufficient evidence and sidesteps alternative explanations.
5 citations
,
October 2010 in “General and Comparative Endocrinology” In this study, pregnant spotted hyenas treated with flutamide and finasteride had lower concentrations of several sex hormones, including testosterone and luteinizing hormone, compared to untreated controls.
October 2021 in “Gender & history” This article argues that baldness in late 19th- and early 20th-century Britain highlighted the fragility and vanity of masculinity through the social, cultural, and personal anxieties it provoked.
1 citations
,
October 2021 in “LGBT health” This review discusses various surgical and nonsurgical techniques for facial masculinization in transgender men and reports no new clinical outcomes; the authors highlight the importance of understanding patient satisfaction and insurance coverage options.
85 citations
,
March 2002 in “Body & Society” This article reviews the discourse around male cosmetic surgery patients and argues against the perception that cosmetic surgery will become as common among men as it is among women.
45 citations
,
April 2018 in “Nature Reviews Urology” This review discusses the molecular mechanisms of masculinization involving androgen signaling and their roles in male embryonic development and conditions like hypospadias and prostate cancer, and reports no clinical results.
November 2017 in “Dermatologic Clinics” Men are increasingly interested in cosmetic treatments that enhance masculinity and address aging without downtime, with tailored approaches for different ethnicities and a focus on hair restoration and body contouring.
July 2025 in “Archives of Sexual Behavior” This study found that while men's facial appearance, specifically attractiveness and masculinity, correlated with cardiometabolic indicators like insulin resistance and triglycerides, these links disappeared after adjusting for factors such as age, adiposity, and testosterone levels, suggesting that facial cues do not reliably indicate metabolic health.
September 2021 in “Conference Proceedings” This study observed that hyperandrogenism in men manifests with varying symptoms, where older men may have high total testosterone due to increased SHBG without elevated free testosterone, while younger men often show signs like acne and alopecia with elevated DHT or testosterone.
June 2025 in “Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases” In this study, researchers found that systemic lupus erythematosus significantly affects the self-image of many men, impacting their sense of masculinity and self-worth due to physical and psychosocial challenges, while a minority felt no effect.
January 2017 in “Clinical approaches and procedures in cosmetic dermatology” This chapter reviews differences in dermatological treatments and conditions between male and female patients, particularly noting the impacts of sex steroids on various skin processes, but presents no new clinical findings.
98 citations
,
July 1983 in “Journal of Steroid Biochemistry” This study in the Arab population of Gaza described pseudohermaphroditism due to 17β-HSD deficiency, where individuals showed marked masculinization after puberty despite inadequate androgen proportions.
12 citations
,
July 2019 in “The Aging Male” This article summarizes data showing that numerous health issues more commonly affect men than women in the U.S., yet men's health receives significantly less attention in biomedical research.
10 citations
,
November 2017 in “Dermatologic Clinics” This review highlights men's cosmetic interests, focusing on maintaining a masculine appearance while managing scalp hair, facial lines, and other aging signs, but presents no new findings.
1 citations
,
December 2024 in “Qeios” This study found that a five-dimensional model of personality perception from men's facial photographs better captures the complexity of face perception than the traditional two-dimensional Valence-Dominance model, highlighting overlaps with personality structures known from differential psychology.
3 citations
,
August 2021 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” This study reported that facial hair is a crucial aspect of gender identity and transition for transmen, with a majority dissatisfied with their current facial hair despite testosterone therapy.
2 citations
,
April 2019 in “Journal of Internal Medicine” Men using steroids or finasteride to look more attractive may harm their fertility and sexual function, creating a paradox where they seem fit but may be less able to reproduce.
January 1983 in “Elsevier eBooks” Masculinization in affected individuals occurs gradually after puberty due to hormone changes.
2 citations
,
September 2012 in “Actas Dermo-Sifiliográficas” This article discusses the modern societal obsession with body perfection and its impact on body dissatisfaction, escalating demand for aesthetic techniques, and advertising, without reporting new research findings.
November 2025 in “Research Repository UCD (University College Dublin)” This paper analyzes the representation of baldness in contemporary screen media, arguing that it reflects and perpetuates societal anxieties about masculinity, aging, and power, portraying hair loss as a disorder requiring intervention despite its natural occurrence and lack of health risks.
12 citations
,
July 2012 in “Social Psychological and Personality Science” This research observed that men with shaved heads were perceived as more dominant, taller, and stronger than men with full hair, suggesting potential benefits in social perception.