1 citations
,
October 2017 in “Dermatologic Surgery” More men are getting cosmetic treatments to look young and stay competitive at work.
This study reviews the increasing interest and reduced stigma surrounding men's plastic and cosmetic surgery, focusing on procedures like neuromodulator injections and hair transplants, highlighting their gender-specific aspects over the past decade.
10 citations
,
October 2017 in “Dermatologic clinics” This article highlights the need for dermatologists to understand male-specific anatomical and physiological differences to optimize aesthetic treatment outcomes for men, but it reports no new clinical results.
April 2016 in “Journal of Aesthetic Nursing” This article explores the social and psychological factors driving male body hair grooming and the psychosocial effects of both hair removal and male pattern balding, without reporting new clinical findings.
27 citations
,
May 2016 in “Dermatologic Surgery” This review examines how male facial anatomy and behavior contribute to sexual dimorphism in facial aging, pointing to factors that accelerate aging in men but presents no new clinical results.
57 citations
,
August 2018 in “British Journal of Dermatology” This review discusses the pathogenesis and treatment of acne in transgender men on testosterone therapy and reports no new clinical results, emphasizing the need for tailored guidelines.
This study reports that testosterone requires conversion to DHT and estradiol for its various actions on external genitalia and bone, influencing lean mass, muscle size, strength, and body fat in hypogonadal males.
46 citations
,
December 1992 in “The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology” In this study, researchers observed that testicular 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase deficiency in an inbred Arab population in Israel leads to genital ambiguity at birth and progressive virilization after puberty.
July 2008 in “Facial Plastic Surgery Clinics of North America” Men's facial rejuvenation involves unique challenges and is increasingly popular, with many opting for nonsurgical treatments.
March 1997 in “The Lancet” Hirsutism is abnormal male-pattern hair growth in females due to excess androgens.
6 citations
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April 2019 in “Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America” This study observed that testosterone therapy in transgender men enhances both physical and mental health, is safe in the short and middle term with proper follow-up, and highlights the need for endocrinologists to provide gender-affirming care despite its limited presence in medical education.
229 citations
,
March 2001 in “European journal of endocrinology” This review discusses the complex relationship between testosterone levels and male appearance and behavior, emphasizing the limitations and potential biases in making generalizations from current data.
January 2026 in “Elsevier eBooks” 35 citations
,
October 2011 in “Medicine and science in sports and exercise” This review discusses the role of skeletal muscle in synthesizing bioactive androgens, highlighting that intramuscular androgens may influence muscle via intracrine action, but their precise function remains unclear.
1 citations
,
June 2025 in “Preprints.org” This literature review found a significant increase in men seeking non-surgical and surgical cosmetic procedures, driven by improved self-confidence, with high efficacy and satisfaction reported by specialists providing advanced, patient-focused care.
21 citations
,
December 1977 in “Journal of pediatric surgery” The authors concluded that most male pseudohermaphrodites should be raised as females, recommending early gender assignment and appropriate alterations to better support coping and development.
21 citations
,
December 2015 in “Development Growth & Differentiation” This study introduces genital sex differentiation parameters (GSDP) to analyze sexual differences in external genitalia and perineum development in mice, revealing varied sensitivity to androgen inhibition in genital structures.
July 2025 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Androgens reduce THY1 in skin cells, leading to less fat, more fibrosis, and worse healing in males.
February 2021 in “International journal of men's social and community health” This study found that participants perceived bald men more negatively based on facial expressions and reported varied body dissatisfaction, which was weakly linked to wellbeing and muscularity behaviors.
11 citations
,
February 1980 in “BMJ. British medical journal” This article reviews hirsutism, its causes, cultural perceptions, and symptoms, but provides no new clinical findings beyond existing descriptions and statistics on hair growth patterns in women.
60 citations
,
April 1998 in “Baillière s Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” This article reviews the genetic mutations causing male pseudohermaphroditism from 17 beta-HSD-3 and 5 alpha-RD-2 deficiencies and reports no new clinical findings.
March 2017 in “De Gruyter eBooks” The Leechbook shows how hair and sexual health were key to medieval masculinity and some remedies may still be useful.
December 2023 in “European Journal of Psychology Open” This study found that rigid perfectionism in men was associated with higher levels of baldness distress, with anxiety about physical aging partially mediating this relationship, regardless of age, level of baldness, cultural context, or racial identity.
June 2009 in “マテリアルインテグレ-ション” This review discusses the most popular non-surgical cosmetic procedures pursued by men and highlights the importance of sex-specific considerations in treating male cosmetic patients; it reports no new clinical results.
1 citations
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October 2024 in “JCEM Case Reports” In this case report, a patient with pseudovaginal perineoscrotal hypospadias due to 5α-reductase deficiency presented gender dysphoria, and after genomic sequencing confirmation, injectable testosterone undecanoate treatment successfully developed desired male secondary sexual characteristics.
January 2025 in “Digital Commons - Gardner-Webb University (Gardner–Webb University)” This review discusses the adverse effects and societal influence of anabolic-androgenic steroid abuse, emphasizing its severe long-term health risks and calling for increased awareness and regulation; it reports no new results.
111 citations
,
May 2001 in “Human reproduction update” This review discusses the role of genetic mutations and environmental endocrine disruptors in insufficient androgen action, which can result in conditions like hypospadias, cryptorchidism, and micropenis, during male fetal development.
January 2018 in “Elsevier eBooks” This review discusses the role of DHT in male sexual differentiation and fertility in individuals with 5α-reductase-2 deficiency, reporting no new clinical results.
2 citations
,
September 2004 in “Fertility and sterility” This review discusses the cosmetic and health implications of hirsutism and highlights its potential link to serious underlying disorders, but it presents no new clinical findings.
15 citations
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December 2021 in “Nature Communications” In studying wild meerkats, researchers observed that matriarchs with high androgen levels during late gestation exhibited increased dominance and aggression, affecting both their behavior and their offspring's aggression.