The Physiological Effects of Anabolic Steroids on the Human Body

Anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS), synthetic derivatives of testosterone, are used medically for conditions like hypogonadism and osteoporosis but are often abused for muscle-building and performance enhancement. While they increase muscle protein synthesis, AAS abuse leads to numerous side effects, including gynecomastia, male-pattern hair loss, infertility, and cardiovascular issues like myocardial infarctions. Women may experience masculinizing effects, and psychological impacts include anxiety and addiction. Despite short-term physical benefits, the long-term health risks are significant. The normalization of AAS use in social media and bodybuilding culture exacerbates these issues, highlighting the need for increased awareness and regulation.