130 citations,
June 2003 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology Symposium Proceedings” Estrogen Receptor ß (ERß) is the main hormone controller in human skin and hair follicles, not Estrogen Receptor α (ERα) or the Androgen Receptor (AR).
110 citations,
January 2014 in “The Journal of Sexual Medicine” Testosterone treatment in trans men increases body and facial hair and may lead to hair loss over time, but severe skin issues are rare.
100 citations,
September 1999 in “British Journal of Dermatology” The study found that two enzymes linked to hair loss are located in different parts of the scalp, supporting a common treatment's effectiveness.
78 citations,
June 2003 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology Symposium Proceedings” TGF-β1 from dermal papilla cells suppresses hair growth, and targeting it may help treat androgenetic alopecia.
70 citations,
January 2009 in “The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism/Journal of clinical endocrinology & metabolism” Androgens slow hair growth by altering Wnt signaling in balding cells.
67 citations,
June 2018 in “Engineering in Life Sciences” Plant cell culture is a promising method for creating sustainable and high-quality cosmetic ingredients.
63 citations,
November 1999 in “British journal of dermatology/British journal of dermatology, Supplement” Hair sensitivity to androgens is partly controlled by specific enzyme expressions in different hair areas.
58 citations,
January 2006 in “Skin Pharmacology and Physiology” High levels of testosterone and 5α-DHT can lead to cell death in cells important for hair growth.
46 citations,
December 2001 in “Journal of Endocrinology/Journal of endocrinology” FLRG and follistatin have different roles in wound healing.
44 citations,
June 2006 in “Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin” Androgen hormones cause hair follicle scarring in hair loss, and finasteride helps reduce it.
41 citations,
June 2006 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Beard and scalp hair cells have different gene expressions, which may affect beard growth characteristics.
41 citations,
March 1998 in “Archives of Dermatological Research” The enzyme that changes testosterone to a stronger form is mostly found in the part of the hair follicle called the dermal papilla.
40 citations,
October 2002 in “Endocrinology” Vitamin D3 analogs can promote hair growth in mice genetically prone to hair loss.
39 citations,
January 2012 in “Indian Dermatology Online Journal” Finasteride may cause sexual side effects like erectile dysfunction, but they are reversible and affect less than 2% of men.
33 citations,
January 1997 in “Endocrinology” Testosterone can slow down hair growth when combined with certain cells from bald scalps, and this effect can be blocked by an androgen receptor blocker.
32 citations,
January 2018 in “American Journal of Clinical Dermatology” Hormone therapy affects hair growth in transgender individuals, with testosterone potentially causing hair loss in trans men and estrogen reducing facial/body hair in trans women; treatment options vary.
31 citations,
December 2010 in “International Journal of Andrology” Men with testicular cancer were less likely to experience baldness and severe acne.
27 citations,
July 1982 in “British Journal of Dermatology” The antiandrogen 11α-hydroxyprogesterone effectively reduces skin oil and cholesterol when applied to the skin.
26 citations,
October 2014 in “Andrologia” Infertile men are more likely to produce sperm with abnormal chromosome numbers, which can affect pregnancy success and embryo health.
25 citations,
October 1996 in “Dermatologic Clinics” Loose Anagen Syndrome causes easy-to-pull, thin hair, mainly in young girls, and improves with age.
24 citations,
March 2001 in “Journal of Endocrinology/Journal of endocrinology” Red deer only have androgen receptors in neck hair cells for mane growth during breeding season.
24 citations,
September 1996 in “Mycoses” Androgenic steroids can slow down or stop the growth of certain skin fungi.
24 citations,
December 1988 in “British Journal of Dermatology” Acne severity in women may not be linked to increased male hormone indicators like excess body hair, menstrual irregularities, or hair loss.
20 citations,
November 2019 in “Current Opinion in Systems Biology” The document concludes that computational models are useful for understanding immune responses and could improve cancer immunotherapy.
19 citations,
July 1993 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Dermal-epidermal interactions are crucial for hair growth and maintenance.
14 citations,
November 1982 in “British Journal of Dermatology” Testosterone conversion to 5α-DHT may not be essential for its effects on the skin.
13 citations,
April 1994 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Androgen receptors found in monkey scalps, similar to humans, affect hair growth.
12 citations,
May 2003 in “Journal of dermatological science” Hsc70 protein may influence hair growth by responding to androgens.
10 citations,
January 2010 in “PubMed” Adjuvants, diet changes, and laser therapy may improve male pattern hair loss.
8 citations,
May 1982 in “Journal of Endocrinology/Journal of endocrinology” Rat skin takes up and processes testosterone differently than other organs, with testosterone being more important for the skin than its metabolite 5α-DHT.