October 2021 in “DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)” This study found that Japanese patients with alopecia areata had higher body mass index and retinol intake, with retinol intake being a predictor of hair loss severity.
85 citations
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August 2018 in “Psychological Medicine” This study reported that women with PCOS had higher levels of depression, anxiety, and perceived stress compared to those without PCOS, with stress potentially mediating these associations.
53 citations
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January 2012 in “Fertility and Sterility” This study found that women with polycystic ovary syndrome have a higher risk for obstructive sleep apnea, primarily due to the prevalence of severe obesity, rather than the syndrome itself.
51 citations
,
March 2004 in “Hormone and Metabolic Research” This study found that women with PCOS have higher ghrelin levels compared to controls, with ghrelin negatively correlating with BMI and insulin levels, suggesting its potential role in PCOS etiology.
38 citations
,
May 2006 in “Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics” This study reported that women with PCOS had higher levels of certain hormones and lower SHBG levels compared to non-PCOS women with similar symptoms, highlighting a less favorable endocrine profile in PCOS cases.
29 citations
,
January 2009 in “Gynecological Endocrinology” This study found that women with polycystic ovary syndrome have significantly higher plasma levels of thrombin-activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor and other hemostatic markers compared to age- and BMI-matched healthy controls.
17 citations
,
July 2015 in “Biomolecules and Biomedicine” This study found that women with PCOS had higher levels of Nesfatin-1 and lower levels of vitamin D, which may be linked to increased blood pressure and potential hypertension.
11 citations
,
August 2014 in “PubMed” This study found that women with acne had higher rates of hyperandrogenism and obesity, and higher androgen levels and BMI were linked to increased acne severity.
5 citations
,
June 2018 in “Journal of Diabetes, Metabolic Disorders & Control” This study found that women with polycystic ovary syndrome have higher triglyceride and fasting glucose levels in obese individuals and higher total cholesterol levels in non-obese individuals compared to healthy women.
July 2024 in “International Journal of Chemical and Biological Sciences” This study reported that women with polycystic ovary syndrome had higher glypican-4 levels compared to controls, indicating its significant role in hormonal regulation associated with the condition.
February 2016 in “Evidence Based Women Health Journal (Online)” This study observed that women with polycystic ovarian syndrome had higher serum SRAGE levels compared to controls, but the difference was not statistically significant.
December 2020 in “Benha Journal of Applied Sciences” This study found that patients with androgenetic alopecia had significantly higher serum Osteopontin levels, which were positively associated with metabolic syndrome components, suggesting a potential role in its pathogenesis.
July 2015 in “Egyptian Journal of Dermatology and Venereology” This study concluded that patients with androgenetic alopecia may have a higher risk of cardiovascular diseases compared to people without this condition.
45 citations
,
January 2013 in “Journal of Human Reproductive Sciences” In this study, women with PCOS had a higher prevalence of hepatic steatosis compared to controls, with associated metabolic issues like insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome.
15 citations
,
January 2010 in “Reproduction, Fertility and Development” This study found that Han Chinese women carrying the rs6152A allele had a significantly higher risk of developing polycystic ovary syndrome compared to those with the rs6152GG genotype.
4 citations
,
January 2019 in “Acta dermato-venereologica” This study found that women with frontal fibrosing alopecia have a significantly higher prevalence of rosacea compared to controls, particularly those with severe alopecia, and certain factors like perifollicular erythema, higher BMI, and lower progesterone levels were linked to increased rosacea risk.
17 citations
,
January 2014 in “Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research” This study found that patients with oral lichen planus and oral lichenoid reactions have higher levels of serum cholesterol and LDL-C than healthy individuals, suggesting a potential elevated risk for cardiovascular disease.
16 citations
,
April 2007 in “Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research” In this study, serum PSA levels were higher in women with PCOS, suggesting it may serve as a marker for hyperandrogenism in this condition.
3 citations
,
December 2021 in “Acta dermato-venereologica” This meta-analysis found that patients with androgenetic alopecia had a significantly higher prevalence of metabolic syndrome and poorer metabolic profiles compared to controls, especially among females, those with early onset, and individuals of African ethnicity.
2 citations
,
April 2022 in “African Health Sciences” In this study, FLI was significantly higher in women with PCOS and NAFLD compared to those without NAFLD, and an FLI < 30 could not effectively rule out NAFLD in lean PCOS patients.
2 citations
,
September 2008 in “Fertility and Sterility” In this study, women with PCOS were at higher risk of depression, particularly those with morbid obesity, but other symptoms like elevated testosterone and skin manifestations were not linked to increased depression risk.
2 citations
,
January 2005 in “PubMed” In this study, females with hirsutism showed higher levels of certain androgens and reported more frequent symptoms such as infertility and increased skin greasiness compared to those without hirsutism.
June 2026 in “Indian Dermatology Online Journal” This study in North India found that patients with alopecia areata have significantly higher levels of coagulation markers, metabolic dysregulation, and systemic inflammation compared to healthy controls, and these factors are linked with disease severity, indicating potential systemic implications beyond localized hair loss.
December 2025 in “PLOS Global Public Health” This study assessed women in Bangladesh and found that those with PCOS had markedly higher rates of depression, anxiety, stress, and insomnia compared to those without the condition, with rural women showing higher anxiety and insomnia.
14 citations
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December 2019 in “Iraqi Journal of Science” In this study, women with polycystic ovary syndrome had higher body mass index and hormone levels compared to healthy women, with hyperandrogenism symptoms like hirsutism and alopecia more prevalent among the obese participants.
8 citations
,
March 2012 in “The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology” In this study of healthy men, low levels of testosterone and dihydrotestosterone were associated with higher body mass index, fat content, and insulin resistance, but their effects on lipid and glucose metabolism were similar in quality.
5 citations
,
October 2021 in “Clinical, cosmetic and investigational dermatology” In this study, Japanese patients with alopecia areata were found to have higher BMI and retinol intake, with retinol intake predicting severity of hair loss.
July 2026 in “International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR)” In this study, women with PCOS were found to have higher BMI, insulin resistance, and homocysteine levels, which are key predictors of the condition.
This study found a significant association between androgenetic alopecia and metabolic syndrome, with AGA patients showing higher BMI, waist circumference, blood glucose, and cholesterol levels compared to controls.
September 1997 in “Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology” Hirsute women with ovarian-sourced hirsutism are more likely to have irregular periods, with higher BMI and altered hormone ratios.