November 2007 in “Neuro-chirurgie/Neurochirurgie” Cyproterone acetate is a safe treatment that causes mild feminizing effects and is more effective with added estrogens.
108 citations,
February 2013 in “JAMA” Transgender treatment includes hormones and surgery, but long-term effects are unknown and counseling is needed.
1 citations,
June 2023 in “Reproduction” Microglia, the brain's immune cells, may contribute to Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) by altering the female brain's structure and function, with kisspeptin neurons and GABA neurotransmitters also playing a role.
July 2021 in “Advances in laboratory medicine” Diagnosing sex development disorders requires combining medical history, physical exams, imaging, lab tests, and genetic data.
56 citations,
October 2018 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” Androgens play a complex role in skin conditions like acne and hair loss in women, and normal blood levels don't always show true androgen status.
30 citations,
January 2019 in “Clinical Endocrinology” The study concluded that both anti-Mullerian hormone and LH/FSH ratio are higher in women with PCOS and combining these markers with BMI could improve diagnosis accuracy.
29 citations,
March 2017 in “International Journal of Women's Dermatology” Hormone therapies like birth control pills and spironolactone are safe and effective for treating women's adult acne.
6 citations,
April 2019 in “Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America” Testosterone therapy for transmasculine individuals is generally safe with medical supervision, improves mental health, and has mixed effects on physical health.
May 2024 in “Journal of drug delivery and therapeutics” Women with PCOS have higher oxidative stress and hormone imbalances, suggesting managing oxidative stress could help.
June 2021 in “Archives of Advances in Biosciences” Finasteride reduces sperm count and quality and alters hormone levels in mice.
Resveratrol improved hormone levels, menstrual cycles, hair loss, and ovarian function in PCOS patients.
72 citations,
October 1998 in “Baillière's clinical endocrinology and metabolism” Long-term testosterone therapy can cause hormone suppression, affect prostate and heart health, and alter physical characteristics, but does not increase prostate cancer risk and needs more research for full risk assessment.
11 citations,
April 2018 in “Nutrition Research” Chromium supplements don't help with weight loss or improve hormone and metabolism issues in people with polycystic ovary syndrome.
2 citations,
March 2001 in “Environmental Health Perspectives” Small hormonal imbalances can cause significant health problems, so more sensitive testing for hormone-disrupting chemicals is needed.
August 2022 in “Journal of Contemporary medical practice” Combining Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western medicine can improve symptoms, hormone levels, and pregnancy outcomes in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome patients, but more research is needed.
5 citations,
October 2018 in “Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis” Women with PCOS who have high male hormone levels often also have insulin resistance.
6 citations,
November 2010 in “International Journal of Andrology” New oral testosterone formulations show potential for safer, effective hormone replacement in men with low testosterone.
18 citations,
April 2016 in “Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America” The document concludes that diagnosing PCOS in teenagers is difficult and should focus on specific hormone levels and menstrual irregularities, while also considering treatment for symptoms and related health issues.
2 citations,
January 2015 in “Springer eBooks” Environmental factors and exposure to toxins may contribute to male infertility by affecting sperm and hormone function.
1 citations,
November 1996 in “Journal of Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery” Hormones, especially androgens, play a key role in causing acne, and treatments like hormone control pills and hormone-blocking medications can help.
November 2023 in “Curēus” Melatonin may help manage PCOS by improving insulin sensitivity, hormone balance, and mood.
19 citations,
May 2014 in “Molecules” Avicequinone C, a compound found in the Avicennia marina plant, can reduce hair loss by inhibiting a hormone linked to androgenic alopecia.
25 citations,
September 2014 in “Pharmacotherapy” Hormone therapy can improve mental health and quality of life for people with gender dysphoria, but long-term effects need more research.
19 citations,
February 2012 in “International Journal of Urology” In Japan, sex reassignment surgery for gender identity disorder faces challenges and needs better medical support and education.
3 citations,
December 2020 in “Endocrine and metabolic science” The healthcare for transgender veterans could be better with a more unified team approach.
135 citations,
March 1984 in “Fertility and sterility” Higher levels of unbound testosterone are linked to increased insulin resistance, especially in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.
28 citations,
July 2017 in “Journal of Endocrinological Investigation” Early onset baldness in men may indicate a condition similar to PCOS, linked to heart disease, diabetes, and prostate issues.
4 citations,
May 2022 in “BMC Women's Health” High levels of anti-Müllerian hormone can indicate polycystic ovarian syndrome in women who can have babies.
October 2022 in “Medical Clinical Update Journal” Early diagnosis and treatment with Leuprolide are key for children with precocious puberty.
343 citations,
October 2015 in “Endocrine Practice” The guide recommends specific methods for diagnosing PCOS and various treatments for its symptoms, while considering the health impacts on adolescents.