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Alopecia areata is an autoimmune disease causing patchy hair loss, often with other autoimmune disorders, but its exact causes are unknown.

Postpartum depression is linked to changes in brain chemicals, inflammation, stress, and certain genes, and can potentially be identified by markers like specific steroids, serotonin levels, and vitamin D levels.

Male hormones affect COVID-19 severity and certain drugs targeting these hormones could help reduce the risk.

Finasteride treats enlarged prostate and hair loss, but may cause side effects in some patients.

Adam10 enzyme is crucial for healthy skin and proper Notch signaling.

Different types of stem cells exist within individual skin layers, and they can adapt to damage, transplantation, or tumor growth. These cells are regulated by their environment and genetic factors. Tumor growth is driven by expanding, genetically altered cells, not long-lived mutant stem cells. There's evidence of cancer stem cells in skin tumors. Other cells, bacteria, and genetic factors help maintain balance and contribute to disease progression. A method for growing mini organs from single cells has been developed.

Hair analysis can detect cocaine use but doesn't accurately show the amount or timing of use.

Normal skin cell renewal doesn't need RAR signaling, but vitamin A-related skin thickening does.

Foxp3 is crucial for regulatory T cell function, and targeting these cells may help treat immune disorders.

Targeting androgen receptors could be a promising way to treat skin disorders with fewer side effects.

A genetic region near the PAX1 gene is linked to a higher risk of scoliosis in females.

Both genes and environmental factors like chemicals may contribute to the increase in hypospadias, but the exact causes are still unclear.

A WNT10A gene mutation leads to ectodermal dysplasia by disrupting cell growth and differentiation.

Certain genetic variations in the AR and ERβ genes can affect androgen levels in women.

Lower SHBG levels may increase the risk of PCOS.

The document concludes that diagnosing and treating Human African Trypanosomiasis is challenging, but new treatments like fexinidazole are promising.

Four-amino acid part makes enzyme sensitive to finasteride.

Changes to the Foxp3 protein affect how well regulatory T cells can control the immune system, which could help treat immune diseases and cancer.

Hidradenitis suppurativa is caused by genetic factors, inflammation, bacteria, hormones, and lifestyle factors like obesity and smoking.

Mice lacking a key DNA methylation enzyme in skin cells have a lower chance of activating stem cells necessary for hair growth, leading to progressive hair loss.

Isotretinoin's effects and side effects, like birth defects and depression, might be due to it causing cell death in various cells.

Lamins are vital for cell survival, organ development, and preventing premature aging.

People with alopecia areata often have lower levels of vitamin D, zinc, and folate, but more research is needed to understand if supplements can help treat it.

The topical inhibitor CUR61414 was not effective in treating basal cell carcinoma in human trials.

There is no clear recommendation for using selenium in cancer patients; it may be beneficial to correct low selenium levels before treatment.

AR polyglycine repeat doesn't cause baldness.

Zinc can both inhibit and stimulate mouse hair growth, and might help recover hair after chemotherapy.

The article explains the genetic causes and symptoms of various hair disorders and highlights the need for more research to find treatments.

The document suggests that targeting the hormone DHT could be a more effective treatment for prostate cancer than targeting testosterone.

Impaired androgen production in 46,XY DSDs causes ambiguous genitalia and requires long-term care.