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Betacoronaviruses, like COVID-19, may cause hormone system dysfunction and affect disease susceptibility and severity.

The medications 5α-reductase inhibitors and spironolactone are generally safe for breast cancer patients on endocrine therapies and do not significantly increase breast cancer risk.

The document concludes that there are still unknowns about the effectiveness, risks, and detection of performance-enhancing drugs, and doping remains a challenge.

Topical finasteride doesn't reduce DHT levels, hinting at an endocrine role in hair loss.

New hormonal treatments for enlarged prostate show promise for safer, effective non-surgical options.

Topical minoxidil improves hair loss in 80% of women with breast cancer undergoing endocrine therapy.

Finasteride can cause lasting sexual dysfunction, depression, and other side effects, needing more research for treatment.

Topical spironolactone cream doesn't cause hormone-related side effects in the body.

Hormonal therapies are safe and effective for treating acne in female adolescents, with specific treatments for those with endocrine disorders.

The guideline suggests using specific criteria to diagnose PCOS, recommends various treatments for its symptoms, and advises screening for related health issues.

The Endocrine Society advised against routine testosterone therapy for women, citing a need for more research on long-term safety and a clear definition of androgen deficiency.

Male and female skin differ in many ways, which could lead to gender-specific skin treatments.

Hormones and their receptors, especially androgens, play a key role in hair growth and disorders like baldness.

Beard and scalp hair cells have different gene expressions, which may affect beard growth characteristics.

Older obese women with PCOS have higher cardiovascular and metabolic risks despite lower androgen levels.

Younger transgender women have surgery earlier, are mostly attracted to men, and show more preoperative depression that improves after surgery compared to older transgender women.

People with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are more likely to have higher levels of depression and anxiety, but their personality traits are similar to those without PCOS.

Removing Sprouty genes in mice causes various hormone-related issues but does not increase cancer risk by one year of age.

Men are more likely to have severe COVID-19 cases and fatalities than women due to factors like lifestyle, aging, and biological differences.

Diagnosing hyperandrogenism in women is complex and requires accurate testing methods and consideration of SHBG levels.

SARS-CoV-2, the virus causing COVID-19, can affect all endocrine organs and systems, altering their function and potentially leading to disorders. Factors like diabetes and obesity increase infection risk and severity. Understanding these effects is key for effective treatment.

Melasma is a skin condition linked to female hormones, genetics, UV exposure, and certain medications, but not to pituitary, adrenal, or thyroid diseases.

The guidelines advise against using testosterone and DHEA in women for most conditions due to safety and effectiveness concerns, but suggest considering testosterone for postmenopausal women with low sexual desire.

Hirsutism can be caused by various conditions besides PCOS, and it's important to treat the underlying issue and manage symptoms with medication and cosmetic approaches.

New drugs are improving treatment for hormone-related diseases in small pets.

Myo-inositol and D-chiro-inositol improve hormonal and physical symptoms in teenage girls with PCOS.

Diagnosing sex development disorders requires combining medical history, physical exams, imaging, lab tests, and genetic data.

The conclusion is that standardizing testosterone measurement methods is essential for better diagnosis accuracy in women.

South Asian women with PCOS are more likely to have metabolic issues and central obesity, and simple measures like waist size and blood pressure can help identify these risks early.

Metformin combined with lifestyle changes improves insulin resistance and reduces testosterone levels in women with PCOS more than lifestyle changes alone.