66 citations,
November 2001 in “European journal of endocrinology” Low SHBG and high FAI, FT, and DHEAS levels are effective in identifying PCOS.
6 citations,
January 2013 in “Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research” AMH levels are higher in women with PCOS and can indicate the number of small follicles in their ovaries.
55 citations,
May 2019 in “Journal of Endocrinology” Androgens are important for female fertility and could help in IVF treatment, but also play a role in causing PCOS.
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49 citations,
May 2018 in “Endocrine” Women with regular menstrual cycles and PCOS have linked kisspeptin and LH hormone patterns, unlike those with irregular cycles.
October 2023 in “IJEM case reports” A 15-year-old girl with no menstrual period was diagnosed with a genetic condition that makes her body unable to respond to male hormones, leading to female characteristics despite having male genetic makeup.
September 2016 in “JAMA Dermatology” Melanoma patients can learn to check their skin, early balding in men may indicate similar risks as PCOS in women, certain criteria can help predict skin cancer behavior, small skin cancer may not need extra therapy after surgery, and sterile gloves don't reduce infection in minor surgeries.
24 citations,
September 2001 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” Women's ovarian hormones and adrenal androgens change throughout life, affecting hair loss and health.
19 citations,
February 2012 in “International Journal of Urology” In Japan, sex reassignment surgery for gender identity disorder faces challenges and needs better medical support and education.
May 2021 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” A woman's severe hormone imbalance after menopause led to finding a rare ovarian tumor, treated by surgery.
72 citations,
October 1998 in “Baillière's clinical endocrinology and metabolism” Long-term testosterone therapy can cause hormone suppression, affect prostate and heart health, and alter physical characteristics, but does not increase prostate cancer risk and needs more research for full risk assessment.
12 citations,
August 2019 in “BMC Medical Genetics” Certain MC4R gene variants are linked to higher BMI in obese women with PCOS but do not cause PCOS.
17 citations,
May 2019 in “Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research and Reviews” High fasting insulin levels in women with PCOS are linked to a higher risk of heart and metabolic problems.
September 2018 in “Fertility and Sterility” High levels of testosterone and anti-Müllerian hormone before pregnancy are linked to a higher risk of newborns needing intensive care.
29 citations,
January 2006 in “Clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine” SHBG binding properties are unchanged in male liver cirrhosis patients.
77 citations,
July 2013 in “Best Practice & Research in Clinical Obstetrics & Gynaecology” Menopause reduces skin collagen and elasticity, and while estrogen therapy can help, its risks require careful consideration.
August 2009 in “International Journal of Dermatology” A postmenopausal woman's facial redness, acne, and excess hair were caused by too much hormone therapy for insomnia, but improved after stopping the treatment.
99 citations,
August 2003 in “Fertility and Sterility” Too much male hormone is the main cause of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.
124 citations,
June 2002 in “Best Practice & Research Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” Polycystic Ovary Syndrome likely starts in childhood and may be genetic and influenced by early hormone exposure.
13 citations,
March 2019 in “Physiological Research” Overweight women with PCOS have higher levels of certain hormones that could indicate a higher risk of heart and metabolic problems.
1 citations,
January 2023 in “Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology” High DHEA and short cervical length in women with PCOS and recurrent miscarriages may harm pregnancy outcomes.
11 citations,
October 2018 in “Hormone and Metabolic Research” Women with PCOS have similar bone density to healthy women, but those who are obese have higher bone density at some body sites.
7 citations,
October 2017 in “The Prostate” Baldness in men with prostate cancer is linked to higher levels of certain sex hormones, but chest hair density is not.
April 2024 in “International journal of medical science and clinical research studies” Effective acne management in PCOS includes hormone therapy, metformin, isotretinoin, weight loss, diet, exercise, and personalized treatment plans.
46 citations,
July 1988 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” Hormone imbalances can cause specific skin changes, which may help in early detection of endocrine disorders.
1 citations,
January 2016 in “Journal of Microbial & Biochemical Technology” The Free Androgen Index (FAI) is the best indicator of early hair loss in men before age 30.
16 citations,
March 2015 in “Wiener Klinische Wochenschrift” Vitamin D deficiency is common in women with PCOS and linked to some metabolic problems, but not the main cause of their metabolic issues.
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1 citations,
March 2011 in “Infertility” Hormone imbalances from the pituitary, thyroid, and adrenal glands can cause infertility, but treating these disorders can improve fertility.
15 citations,
August 1998 in “Australasian journal of dermatology” The document concludes that various cosmetic and drug treatments are available for hirsutism, and some new drugs show promise.
29 citations,
November 2011 in “Human Fertility” Many women with PCOS have undiagnosed health issues and show different symptoms based on the clinic they visit.
37 citations,
January 2008 in “Gynecological Endocrinology” Shorter CAG repeats in a specific gene may increase male hormone activity and symptoms like acne and excess hair in women with PCOS.