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Pincer nails are rare in lupus patients and may be managed conservatively.

Meis2 is essential for touch sensation and nerve function in mice.

The transcription factor Meis2 is essential for touch sensation and proper nerve development in touch receptors.

Tigers had a skin condition causing hair loss and inflammation, but the cause is unknown and treatment didn't work.

Hairless protein affects hair follicle structure by regulating the Dlx3 gene.

IL-6 from stem cells helps repair skin and grow hair.

Hand and forearm transplants can be successful long-term, but they come with challenges like rejection and side effects from immunosuppression.

K42 and K124 keratins are only found in horse hoof lamellae.

Different hair follicles in the skin are innervated by unique combinations of mechanosensory neurons, crucial for touch sensation.

Bariatric surgery can cause serious mineral deficiencies, requiring better patient education and monitoring.

Frizzled receptors are essential for various body development processes and maintaining certain body functions.

Different signals work together to change gene activity and guide hair follicle stem cells to become specific cell types.

Hair follicles in mutant mice self-organize into ordered patterns within a week.

Noggin gene inactivation causes skeletal defects in mice, varying by genetic background.

Melanoma's complexity requires personalized treatments due to key genetic mutations and tumor-initiating cells.

Gene therapy shows promise for healing chronic wounds but needs more research to overcome challenges.

The document concludes that understanding genetic mutations in the PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway can lead to better diagnosis and treatment for certain genetic skin disorders.

Goats with BSE or scrapie show varying symptoms, and using only clinical signs may not detect all scrapie cases.

Proper incision techniques can make face-lift scars less noticeable.

Photobiomodulation therapy helps manage cancer treatment side effects but needs more research for optimization.

Disrupting the Flcn gene in mice causes early kidney cysts and tumors, which can be treated with rapamycin.

Bioengineering can potentially treat hair loss by regenerating hair follicles and cloning hair, but the process is complex and needs more research.

The document suggests a possible link between FAM111B gene mutations and increased cancer risk, particularly pancreatic cancer.

High hair cortisol levels indicate stress in cows due to poor shelter conditions and health issues.

Mutations in NIPAL4 cause skin issues by disrupting lipid layers, but some improvement is seen with topical treatment.

The genes KRT25 and SP6 affect curly hair in horses, with KRT25 also causing hair loss. If both genes are mutated, the horse gets curly hair and hair loss. KRT25 can hide the effect of SP6.

Testosterone helps prevent skin damage in males by acting through both estrogen and androgen pathways.

Improved understanding of stem cell mechanisms can enhance skin tissue engineering.

Skin and nail problems like hair loss, dry skin, and fungal infections are common in people with long-term Type 2 Diabetes and can be prevented with good blood sugar control and foot care.

Knocking out certain genes in mice helps understand skin and hair growth problems.